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boulder raspberry, delicious raspberry

Japanese wineberry, wine raspberry, wineberry

Habit Shrubs, 5–15(–20) dm, unarmed. Shrubs, 10–20(–30) dm, armed.
Stems

decumbent to erect, glabrous or sparsely short-hairy, eglandular or sparsely stipitate-glandular, not pruinose.

biennial, arching, sparsely to moderately hairy, long-stipitate-glandular, not pruinose;

prickles sparse to dense, erect to hooked, slender, 2–8(–10) mm, slender-based;

bristles dense, 2–6 mm, usually gland-tipped and reddish purple, glands ellipsoid to narrowly cup-shaped.

Leaves

deciduous, simple;

stipules lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 5–8(–14) mm;

blade orbiculate to reniform, (1.5–)2–4(–5) × (2.5–)3–4.5(–7) cm, base shallowly cordate, 3–5(–7)-lobed, lobe apices broadly rounded to obtuse, margins doubly dentate, abaxial surfaces sparsely hairy, mostly along veins, sparsely stipitate-glandular.

deciduous, ternate;

stipules filiform, 5–12 mm;

terminal leaflets broadly deltate or ovate to suborbiculate, 4–15 × 3.5–14 cm, base truncate, rounded, or shallowly cordate, unlobed or dentate to shallowly, sharply or bluntly 3-lobed, margins coarsely serrate or doubly serrate, apex acute to acuminate, abaxial surfaces with scattered, erect to curved prickles on moderate- to large-sized veins, densely white-hairy, moderately to densely long-stipitate-glandular along veins.

Inflorescences

1-flowered.

terminal and axillary, 5–30-flowered, cymiform to racemiform.

Pedicels

pubescent, sparsely to densely short- to long-stipitate-glandular.

usually unarmed or prickles sparse, erect, moderately to densely hairy, densely long-stipitate-glandular.

Flowers

bisexual;

petals white, obovate to ovate, 15–25(–30) mm;

filaments filiform;

ovaries glabrous, styles clavate, villous.

bisexual;

petals white to pink, ovate to suborbiculate, 4–6 mm;

filaments laminar;

ovaries glabrous.

Fruits

dark purple, hemispheric, to 1 cm;

drupelets 10–40, coherent, separating from torus.

red to maroon, globose, 1–1.5 cm;

drupelets 15–40, strongly coherent, separating from torus.

2n

= 14, 21.

= 14.

Rubus deliciosus

Rubus phoenicolasius

Phenology Flowering May–Aug. Flowering May–Jul.
Habitat Rocky canyons, outcrops, stream banks Woodlands, roadsides, disturbed open areas, moist soil
Elevation 1800–2900 m (5900–9500 ft) 0–1200 m (0–3900 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CO; NM; OK; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; GA; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; MO; NC; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WV; BC; e Asia (China, Japan, Korea) [Introduced in North America]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Rubus deliciosus is recognized by its decumbent to erect, unarmed stems, relatively small simple leaves with obtuse to broadly rounded lobes, shallowly cordate bases, sparsely hairy abaxial surfaces, large flowers, white petals, glabrous or sparsely hairy sepals, and densely villous clavate styles. The distinction between R. deliciosus and R. neomexicanus is not always clear, especially when the former has more narrowly obtuse lobes and denser leaf abaxial hairs. Rubus deliciosus is also similar to R. bartonianus of Idaho and Oregon, as well as the Mexican R. trilobus Seringe. It might be reasonable to recognize a broader concept of R. deliciosus, one containing multiple infraspecific. Rubus deliciosus and its close relatives require a revisionary study.

Rubus deliciosus has long been planted for its ornamental value because of its large, showy flowers.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Rubus phoenicolasius was introduced to North America for edible fruit, breeding stock, and for ornament. Attractive for its typically reddish purple glandular hairs, R. phoenicolasius nonetheless can be invasive.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 9, p. 39. FNA vol. 9, p. 51.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus
Sibling taxa
R. allegheniensis, R. arcticus, R. bartonianus, R. bifrons, R. caesius, R. canadensis, R. chamaemorus, R. cuneifolius, R. flagellaris, R. glaucifolius, R. hispidus, R. idaeus, R. illecebrosus, R. laciniatus, R. lasiococcus, R. leucodermis, R. neomexicanus, R. nivalis, R. niveus, R. nutkanus, R. occidentalis, R. odoratus, R. parviflorus, R. parvifolius, R. pascuus, R. pedatus, R. pensilvanicus, R. phoenicolasius, R. pubescens, R. repens, R. saxatilis, R. setosus, R. spectabilis, R. trivialis, R. ulmifolius, R. ursinus, R. vestitus
R. allegheniensis, R. arcticus, R. bartonianus, R. bifrons, R. caesius, R. canadensis, R. chamaemorus, R. cuneifolius, R. deliciosus, R. flagellaris, R. glaucifolius, R. hispidus, R. idaeus, R. illecebrosus, R. laciniatus, R. lasiococcus, R. leucodermis, R. neomexicanus, R. nivalis, R. niveus, R. nutkanus, R. occidentalis, R. odoratus, R. parviflorus, R. parvifolius, R. pascuus, R. pedatus, R. pensilvanicus, R. pubescens, R. repens, R. saxatilis, R. setosus, R. spectabilis, R. trivialis, R. ulmifolius, R. ursinus, R. vestitus
Synonyms R. medius, R. roezlii
Name authority Torrey: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 2: 196. (1827) Maximowicz: Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 17: 160. (1872)
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