Rubus deliciosus |
Rubus nutkanus |
|
---|---|---|
boulder raspberry, delicious raspberry |
thimbleberry |
|
Habit | Shrubs, 5–15(–20) dm, unarmed. | Shrubs, 5–20(–30) dm, unarmed. |
Stems | decumbent to erect, glabrous or sparsely short-hairy, eglandular or sparsely stipitate-glandular, not pruinose. |
biennial, erect, sparsely hairy, glabrescent, moderately stipitate-glandular, glands yellowish to reddish, not pruinose. |
Leaves | deciduous, simple; stipules lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 5–8(–14) mm; blade orbiculate to reniform, (1.5–)2–4(–5) × (2.5–)3–4.5(–7) cm, base shallowly cordate, 3–5(–7)-lobed, lobe apices broadly rounded to obtuse, margins doubly dentate, abaxial surfaces sparsely hairy, mostly along veins, sparsely stipitate-glandular. |
deciduous, simple; stipules lanceolate to ovate, 5–15 mm; blade orbiculate to reniform, 5–20 × 5–25 cm, base cordate, palmately, shallowly to moderately deeply, (3–)5(–7)-lobed, margins coarsely, irregularly serrate to doubly serrate, apex shortly acuminate to obtuse, abaxial surfaces glabrate to densely hairy, sparsely to moderately stipitate-glandular, glands yellowish to reddish. |
Inflorescences | 1-flowered. |
terminal and axillary, (1–)3–7(–15), cymiform to thyrsiform. |
Pedicels | pubescent, sparsely to densely short- to long-stipitate-glandular. |
sparsely to moderately hairy, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular, glands yellowish to reddish. |
Flowers | bisexual; petals white, obovate to ovate, 15–25(–30) mm; filaments filiform; ovaries glabrous, styles clavate, villous. |
bisexual; petals white, broadly obovate, (10–)14–22(–28) mm; filaments filiform; ovaries distally densely hairy, styles clavate, glabrous. |
Fruits | dark purple, hemispheric, to 1 cm; drupelets 10–40, coherent, separating from torus. |
red, hemispheric, 1–1.8 cm; drupelets 50–60, coherent, separating from torus. |
2n | = 14, 21. |
= 14. |
Rubus deliciosus |
Rubus nutkanus |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Aug. | Flowering May–Aug. |
Habitat | Rocky canyons, outcrops, stream banks | Moist areas, open woods, thickets, clearings, stream banks, canyons, grassy meadows, rocky cliffs, sand dunes, upper beaches, dry sandy areas, roadsides |
Elevation | 1800–2900 m (5900–9500 ft) | 0–3000 m (0–9800 ft) |
Distribution |
CO; NM; OK; WY
|
AK; AZ; CA; CO; IA; ID; IL; MI; MN; MT; NM; NV; OR; SD; UT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; ON; Mexico (Chihuahua) |
Discussion | Rubus deliciosus is recognized by its decumbent to erect, unarmed stems, relatively small simple leaves with obtuse to broadly rounded lobes, shallowly cordate bases, sparsely hairy abaxial surfaces, large flowers, white petals, glabrous or sparsely hairy sepals, and densely villous clavate styles. The distinction between R. deliciosus and R. neomexicanus is not always clear, especially when the former has more narrowly obtuse lobes and denser leaf abaxial hairs. Rubus deliciosus is also similar to R. bartonianus of Idaho and Oregon, as well as the Mexican R. trilobus Seringe. It might be reasonable to recognize a broader concept of R. deliciosus, one containing multiple infraspecific. Rubus deliciosus and its close relatives require a revisionary study. Rubus deliciosus has long been planted for its ornamental value because of its large, showy flowers. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rubus nutkanus is distinguished from other flowering raspberries by its erect, unarmed stems, simple leaves, large flowers, white petals, glabrous, clavate styles, and yellowish to reddish stipitate glands covering most plant parts. A hybrid with R. odoratus (R. ×fraseri Rehder) is thought to occur in areas of overlap in northern Michigan (E. G. Voss 1972–1996, vol. 2). Varieties and forms have been described based on indument and glandularity of stems, leaves, petioles, pedicels, and sepals (for example, M. L. Fernald 1950). Different variants often occur mixed in the same population and generally do not correspond to definite geographic regions (N. C. Fassett 1941). Plants from coastal California (considered as var. velutinus) tend to have densely hairy leaf abaxial surfaces; this variation may be environmentally induced; other Rubus species show the same pattern (for example, R. spectabilis var. franciscanus) in that area. Wild thimbleberries are collected in Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan, and are used in beverages and especially for jam. Rubus nutkanus is typically associated with western North America but was originally described from plants at its eastern range limit in northern Michigan. The Great Lakes populations are disjunct from western mountain populations by around 600 miles. The name Rubus parviflorus var. grandiflorus Farwell, which applies here, is illegitimate. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 39. | FNA vol. 9, p. 48. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. medius, R. roezlii | R. parviflorus |
Name authority | Torrey: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 2: 196. (1827) | Mociño ex Seringe: in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 2: 566. (1825) |
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