Rubus chamaemorus
Rubus repens
baked-apple-berry, chicouté, cloudberry, plaquebière
dalibarde rampante, false violet, robin runaway
from rhizomes, erect, rarely woody basally, sparsely hairy, sparsely stipitate-glandular distally, not pruinose.
creeping, moderately appressed-hairy, eglandular or sparsely to moderately stipitate-glandular, not pruinose.
deciduous, simple;
stipules broadly ovate to oblong, 3–6 mm;
blade reniform or orbiculate, 2.5–6 × (3–)5–8(–12) cm, base cordate, 3–7-lobed, lobe apices rounded, margins finely doubly serrate or dentate, abaxial surfaces sparsely hairy, sparsely to moderately stipitate-glandular along veins.
deciduous, simple;
stipules lanceolate-laciniate, (2–)3–5(–8) mm;
blade ovate-orbiculate, 1.5–2.7(–3) × 1.5–3.5(–4) cm, base deeply cordate, unlobed, margins crenate to broadly dentate, apex rounded, abaxial surfaces sparsely to moderately hairy, sparsely to moderately short-stipitate-glandular.
1-flowered.
1-flowered.
pubescent, sparsely to densely short- to long-stipitate-glandular.
moderately and retrorsely long-hairy, eglandular.
unisexual;
petals white, obovate, (8–)10–15(–18) mm;
filaments filiform;
ovaries glabrous, styles filiform, glabrous.
bisexual;
petals absent in fertile flowers, present in sterile flowers, white, narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, 5–8 mm;
filaments filiform;
ovaries densely hairy, styles glabrous.
golden yellow to orange or reddish, globose, 1.2–1.5 cm;
drupelets (5–)10–20, moderately coherent, separating from torus.
whitish, 0.3–0.5 cm, dry;
drupelets 5–10(–15), not coherent, separating from torus, enclosed by converging sepals.
= 56.
= 14.
Rubus chamaemorus
Rubus repens
Rubus chamaemorus is circumboreal; it is presumed to be extirpated from New York, where it was known only from a single population on Long Island, far removed from the next southernmost localities in northern New Hampshire.
Rubus chamaemorus is defined by its unarmed stems, simple, coriaceous, and plicate leaves, unisexual flowers, and golden yellow to reddish fruits. Rubus chamaemorus is likely an ancient allopolyploid (K. V. Ambrose 2006).
The edible fruits of Rubus chamaemorus are highly valued in northern regions for consumption fresh and in yogurt, jams, syrups, and juices. An alcoholic beverage is made from the fruits and sold commercially in Newfoundland, Quebec, and Finland.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Rubus repens is recognized by its creeping, unarmed stems, simple, ovate-orbiculate leaves, long petioles with spreading hairs, sterile petaliferous flowers on long pedicels and fertile apetalous flowers on short pedicels, and essentially dry fruits. Phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequence data supports inclusion of D. repens in Rubus (L. A. Alice and C. S. Campbell 1999), among other basal species to R. lasiococcus (K. V. Ambrose 2006).
The Iroquois use a decoction of powdered plants of Rubus repens as a blood purifier and for venereal disease (J. W. Herrick 1977).
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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