Rubus chamaemorus
Rosaceae subfam. rosoideae
baked-apple-berry, chicouté, cloudberry, plaquebière
from rhizomes, erect, rarely woody basally, sparsely hairy, sparsely stipitate-glandular distally, not pruinose.
deciduous, simple;
stipules broadly ovate to oblong, 3–6 mm;
blade reniform or orbiculate, 2.5–6 × (3–)5–8(–12) cm, base cordate, 3–7-lobed, lobe apices rounded, margins finely doubly serrate or dentate, abaxial surfaces sparsely hairy, sparsely to moderately stipitate-glandular along veins.
alternate, rarely opposite, pinnately compound, sometimes simple or palmately compound;
stipules present, rarely absent.
1-flowered.
pubescent, sparsely to densely short- to long-stipitate-glandular.
unisexual;
petals white, obovate, (8–)10–15(–18) mm;
filaments filiform;
ovaries glabrous, styles filiform, glabrous.
torus usually enlarged, sometimes small or absent;
carpels 1–260(–450), distinct, free, styles distinct, rarely connate (Roseae);
ovules 1(or 2), collateral (Rubeae) or superposed (Fallugia, Filipendula).
golden yellow to orange or reddish, globose, 1.2–1.5 cm;
drupelets (5–)10–20, moderately coherent, separating from torus.
achenes or aggregated achenes sometimes with fleshy, urn-shaped hypanthium or enlarged torus, sometimes aggregated drupelets;
styles persistent or deciduous, not elongate (elongate but not plumose in Geum).
= 7(8).
= 56.
Rubus chamaemorus
Rosaceae subfam. rosoideae
Rubus chamaemorus is circumboreal; it is presumed to be extirpated from New York, where it was known only from a single population on Long Island, far removed from the next southernmost localities in northern New Hampshire.
Rubus chamaemorus is defined by its unarmed stems, simple, coriaceous, and plicate leaves, unisexual flowers, and golden yellow to reddish fruits. Rubus chamaemorus is likely an ancient allopolyploid (K. V. Ambrose 2006).
The edible fruits of Rubus chamaemorus are highly valued in northern regions for consumption fresh and in yogurt, jams, syrups, and juices. An alcoholic beverage is made from the fruits and sold commercially in Newfoundland, Quebec, and Finland.
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
Variation in the number of genera in subfam. Rosoideae is due to differences in generic delimitation between D. Potter et al. (2007) and the authors of some Potentilleae genera. Cyanogenic glycosides and sorbitol are absent in the subfamily.
Tribes 6, genera 28–35, species ca. 1600 (6 tribes, 26 genera, 302 species, including 1 hybrid, in the flora)
(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)
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