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alleghaney blackberry, Alleghany blackberry, Allegheny blackberry, common blackberry, prairie rose, ronce des alléghanys, sow-teat berry

creeping raspberry, five leaf dwarf bramble, five-leaf bramble, strawberry bramble, strawberry dwarf bramble, strawberry-leaf raspberry

Habit Shrubs, 10–30 dm, armed. Herbs, to 1 dm, unarmed.
Stems

biennial, erect-arching, sparsely to densely hairy, sparsely to abundantly stipitate-glandular, glands usually flattened to cupulate, not pruinose;

prickles sparse to dense, erect or slightly retrorse, stout, 4–10 mm, broad-based.

creeping, flowering branches erect, sparsely hairy, eglandular or sparsely stipitate-glandular, not pruinose.

Leaves

deciduous, palmately compound, not lustrous;

stipules filiform to narrowly lanceolate, (2–)5–15(–20) mm;

leaflets (3–)5(–7), terminal ovate to lanceolate, 7–16 × 4–9 cm, base rounded to shallowly cordate, unlobed, margins finely to coarsely serrate or doubly serrate, apex acuminate to long-attenuate, abaxial surfaces with hooked prickles on midveins, moderately hairy, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular on veins.

deciduous, pedately compound;

stipules broadly ovate to suborbiculate, 2–3 mm;

leaflets 3 (often appearing as if 5), lateral leaflets deeply lobed, sinuses nearly to leaflet base, terminal obovate to obovate-rhombic, (1–)1.5–2.5(–3.4) × (0.8–)1.2–2(–2.5) cm, base cuneate, margins coarsely singly or doubly serrate, apex rounded to obtuse, abaxial surfaces glabrous or sparsely hairy on midvein, eglandular or sparsely stipitate-glandular.

Inflorescences

terminal on short shoots, sometimes appearing axillary, (5–)15–25-flowered, racemiform, often elongate.

1-flowered.

Pedicels

unarmed or prickles sparse, hooked, densely hairy, densely short- to long-stipitate-glandular.

sparsely hairy, eglandular or sparsely stipitate-glandular.

Flowers

bisexual;

petals white, obovate to elliptic, rarely suborbiculate, 8–20 mm;

filaments filiform;

ovaries glabrous or glabrate.

bisexual;

petals white, oblong to narrowly obovate, 6–10 mm;

filaments filiform;

ovaries glabrous, styles glabrous.

Fruits

black, globose to cylindric, 1–2 cm;

drupelets 20–100, strongly coherent, separating with torus attached.

red, 0.6–1 cm;

drupelets 3–6, weakly coherent, separating from torus.

2n

= 14, 21, 28.

= 14.

Rubus allegheniensis

Rubus pedatus

Phenology Flowering May–Jul. Flowering Jun–Aug.
Habitat Woodlands, savannas, prairies, meadows, rock outcrops, disturbed areas, dry to damp soil Coniferous woods, forest edges, glades, meadows, bogs, stream banks, streambeds, roadsides
Elevation 0–1600 m (0–5200 ft) 20–2300 m (100–7500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; BC; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AK; ID; MT; OR; WA; AB; BC; YT; ne Asia
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Rubus allegheniensis consists of erect-arching, usually well-armed plants, usually densely stipitate-glandular with flattened to cupulate glands, particularly about the inflorescence.

The Menominee, Meskwaki, and Potawatomi used root extracts of Rubus allegheniensis to treat eye irritation (H. H. Smith 1923, 1928, 1933). The Ojibwa used boiled extracts of the canes as a diuretic and a root extract for treating diarrhea (Smith 1932). Rubus allegheniensis is introduced in British Columbia and California, where rare and in at least California probably no more than a waif.

Rubus montanus (Porter) Porter, a name that has been used for this species, is a later homonym of R. montanus Libert ex Lejeune.

The following nothospecies names are based on putative hybrids involving Rubus allegheniensis and: R. canadensis (R. ×forestalis L. H. Bailey, R. ×immanis Ashe); R. flagellaris (R. ×boyntonii Ashe, R. ×fraternalis L. H. Bailey [based on R. ×fraternus Brainerd & Peitersen (not R. fraternus Gremli), R. ×licens L. H. Bailey, R. ×ostryifolius Rydberg); R. pensilvanicus (R. ×avipes L. H. Bailey, R. ×floricomus Blanchard, R. ×orarius Blanchard); R. setosus (R. ×abbrevians Blanchard, R. ×aculiferus Fernald, R. ×adenocaulis Fernald, R. ×angustifoliatus L. H. Bailey, R. ×ascendens Blanchard, R. ×atwoodii L. H. Bailey, R. ×clausenii L. H. Bailey, R. ×flavinanus Blanchard, R. ×frondisentis Blanchard, R. ×perspicuus L. H. Bailey, R. ×ravus L. H. Bailey).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Rubus pedatus is recognized by its creeping, unarmed stems, pedately 3–5-foliate leaves, relatively small flowers, white petals, and glabrous ovaries.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 9, p. 34. FNA vol. 9, p. 49.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus
Sibling taxa
R. arcticus, R. bartonianus, R. bifrons, R. caesius, R. canadensis, R. chamaemorus, R. cuneifolius, R. deliciosus, R. flagellaris, R. glaucifolius, R. hispidus, R. idaeus, R. illecebrosus, R. laciniatus, R. lasiococcus, R. leucodermis, R. neomexicanus, R. nivalis, R. niveus, R. nutkanus, R. occidentalis, R. odoratus, R. parviflorus, R. parvifolius, R. pascuus, R. pedatus, R. pensilvanicus, R. phoenicolasius, R. pubescens, R. repens, R. saxatilis, R. setosus, R. spectabilis, R. trivialis, R. ulmifolius, R. ursinus, R. vestitus
R. allegheniensis, R. arcticus, R. bartonianus, R. bifrons, R. caesius, R. canadensis, R. chamaemorus, R. cuneifolius, R. deliciosus, R. flagellaris, R. glaucifolius, R. hispidus, R. idaeus, R. illecebrosus, R. laciniatus, R. lasiococcus, R. leucodermis, R. neomexicanus, R. nivalis, R. niveus, R. nutkanus, R. occidentalis, R. odoratus, R. parviflorus, R. parvifolius, R. pascuus, R. pensilvanicus, R. phoenicolasius, R. pubescens, R. repens, R. saxatilis, R. setosus, R. spectabilis, R. trivialis, R. ulmifolius, R. ursinus, R. vestitus
Synonyms R. villosus var. montanus, R. acadiensis, R. allegheniensis var. calycosus, R. allegheniensis var. gravesii, R. allegheniensis var. neoscoticus, R. allegheniensis var. plausus, R. allegheniensis var. populifolius, R. alumnus, R. apianus, R. attractus, R. auroralis, R. campester, R. concameratus, R. fryei, R. glandicaulis, R. impos, R. inclinis, R. irregularis, R. licitus, R. montpelierensis, R. nigrobaccus, R. nuperus, R. paulus, R. pugnax, R. rosa, R. saltuensis, R. sceleratus
Name authority Porter: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 23: 153. (1896) Smith: Pl. Icon. Ined. 3: plate 63. (1791)
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