Rubus allegheniensis |
Rubus lasiococcus |
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alleghaney blackberry, Alleghany blackberry, Allegheny blackberry, common blackberry, prairie rose, ronce des alléghanys, sow-teat berry |
dwarf bramble, hairy-fruit smooth dewberry, rough fruit berry, roughfruit raspberry |
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Habit | Shrubs, 10–30 dm, armed. | Herbs, 1–1.5 dm, unarmed. |
Stems | biennial, erect-arching, sparsely to densely hairy, sparsely to abundantly stipitate-glandular, glands usually flattened to cupulate, not pruinose; prickles sparse to dense, erect or slightly retrorse, stout, 4–10 mm, broad-based. |
creeping, flowering branches erect, sparsely hairy, eglandular or sparsely to moderately short-stipitate-glandular, not pruinose. |
Leaves | deciduous, palmately compound, not lustrous; stipules filiform to narrowly lanceolate, (2–)5–15(–20) mm; leaflets (3–)5(–7), terminal ovate to lanceolate, 7–16 × 4–9 cm, base rounded to shallowly cordate, unlobed, margins finely to coarsely serrate or doubly serrate, apex acuminate to long-attenuate, abaxial surfaces with hooked prickles on midveins, moderately hairy, moderately to densely stipitate-glandular on veins. |
deciduous, simple or ternate; stipules broadly elliptic to ovate, 5–10 mm; leaflets 3(–5), blade reniform or orbiculate, terminal lobe or leaflets broadly obovate to obovate-cuneate, 1.5–4(–6) × 1.5–4(–6) cm, base cordate, 3(–5)-lobed, margins coarsely doubly dentate, apex rounded to acute, abaxial surfaces sparsely hairy on veins, eglandular. |
Inflorescences | terminal on short shoots, sometimes appearing axillary, (5–)15–25-flowered, racemiform, often elongate. |
1–2-flowered. |
Pedicels | unarmed or prickles sparse, hooked, densely hairy, densely short- to long-stipitate-glandular. |
sparsely to moderately hairy, short-stipitate-glandular. |
Flowers | bisexual; petals white, obovate to elliptic, rarely suborbiculate, 8–20 mm; filaments filiform; ovaries glabrous or glabrate. |
bisexual; petals white, broadly elliptic to obovate to orbiculate, (5–)8–10(–12) mm; filaments filiform; ovaries densely hairy, styles filiform, glabrous. |
Fruits | black, globose to cylindric, 1–2 cm; drupelets 20–100, strongly coherent, separating with torus attached. |
red, hemispheric, 1 cm; drupelets 5–15, weakly coherent, falling separately or as loose units free from torus. |
2n | = 14, 21, 28. |
= 14. |
Rubus allegheniensis |
Rubus lasiococcus |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jul. | Flowering May–Aug. |
Habitat | Woodlands, savannas, prairies, meadows, rock outcrops, disturbed areas, dry to damp soil | Moist to dry, semiopen forests, wet meadows, roadsides, dry sand |
Elevation | 0–1600 m (0–5200 ft) | 800–2000 m (2600–6600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; IL; IN; KS; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; BC; NB; NS; ON; PE; QC
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CA; OR; WA; BC
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Discussion | Rubus allegheniensis consists of erect-arching, usually well-armed plants, usually densely stipitate-glandular with flattened to cupulate glands, particularly about the inflorescence. The Menominee, Meskwaki, and Potawatomi used root extracts of Rubus allegheniensis to treat eye irritation (H. H. Smith 1923, 1928, 1933). The Ojibwa used boiled extracts of the canes as a diuretic and a root extract for treating diarrhea (Smith 1932). Rubus allegheniensis is introduced in British Columbia and California, where rare and in at least California probably no more than a waif. Rubus montanus (Porter) Porter, a name that has been used for this species, is a later homonym of R. montanus Libert ex Lejeune. The following nothospecies names are based on putative hybrids involving Rubus allegheniensis and: R. canadensis (R. ×forestalis L. H. Bailey, R. ×immanis Ashe); R. flagellaris (R. ×boyntonii Ashe, R. ×fraternalis L. H. Bailey [based on R. ×fraternus Brainerd & Peitersen (not R. fraternus Gremli), R. ×licens L. H. Bailey, R. ×ostryifolius Rydberg); R. pensilvanicus (R. ×avipes L. H. Bailey, R. ×floricomus Blanchard, R. ×orarius Blanchard); R. setosus (R. ×abbrevians Blanchard, R. ×aculiferus Fernald, R. ×adenocaulis Fernald, R. ×angustifoliatus L. H. Bailey, R. ×ascendens Blanchard, R. ×atwoodii L. H. Bailey, R. ×clausenii L. H. Bailey, R. ×flavinanus Blanchard, R. ×frondisentis Blanchard, R. ×perspicuus L. H. Bailey, R. ×ravus L. H. Bailey). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rubus lasiococcus is recognized by its creeping, unarmed stems, simple 3-lobed to 3-foliate leaves, small flowers, white petals, and densely hairy ovaries. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 34. | FNA vol. 9, p. 44. |
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Rubeae > Rubus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. villosus var. montanus, R. acadiensis, R. allegheniensis var. calycosus, R. allegheniensis var. gravesii, R. allegheniensis var. neoscoticus, R. allegheniensis var. plausus, R. allegheniensis var. populifolius, R. alumnus, R. apianus, R. attractus, R. auroralis, R. campester, R. concameratus, R. fryei, R. glandicaulis, R. impos, R. inclinis, R. irregularis, R. licitus, R. montpelierensis, R. nigrobaccus, R. nuperus, R. paulus, R. pugnax, R. rosa, R. saltuensis, R. sceleratus | |
Name authority | Porter: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 23: 153. (1896) | A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 201. (1882) |
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