Rosulabryum capillare |
Rosulabryum erythroloma |
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Habit | Plants small, bright green. | Plants small to medium-sized, maroon, red, or red-green. |
Stems | 0.5–1.5 cm, distinctly singly rosulate, innovations short, rosulate. |
1–2.5 cm, distinctly singly rosulate, innovations short, rosulate. |
Leaves | of main rosette and innovations similar, regularly spirally twisted around stem, erect-spreading when moist, obovate, weakly concave, 0.5–2.5 mm; base not decurrent; margins recurved to mid leaf, distinctly serrulate distally, limbidium present, of 1–3 rows of cells; apex acute; costa long-excurrent, awn sometimes hyaline, slender, irregularly twisted when dry; proximal laminal cells long-rectangular in rosette leaves; medial and distal cells short-rhomboidal, 12–25 µm wide, 3–4:1, walls thin, not porose. |
of main rosette and innovations similar; appressed and not much altered to sometimes spirally twisted around stem, erect-spreading when moist, obovate, flat, 1–2.5 mm; base decurrent; margins recurved to mid leaf, distinctly serrulate distally, limbidium present, of 2–4 rows of cells; apex acute; costa not reaching apex, percurrent, or short-excurrent, awn stout; proximal laminal cells long-rectangular in rosette leaves; medial and distal cells short-rhomboidal, 15–25 µm wide, 2–3:1, walls firm, not porose. |
Sexual condition | dioicous. |
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Capsule | inclined, red-brown, cylindric to elongate-pyriform, 3–5 mm. |
nutant, brown to red-brown, cylindric to elongate-pyriform, 2.5–4 mm. |
Specialized | asexual reproduction by rhizoidal tubers, usually on long rhizoids away from stem base, red-brown, same color as rhizoids, 200–300 µm, smooth or almost so. |
asexual reproduction by rhizoidal tubers, orange, maroon, or red, (180–)200–350 µm. Sexual condition dioicous. |
Rosulabryum capillare |
Rosulabryum erythroloma |
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Phenology | Capsules mature May–Jul. | Capsules mature Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Moist shaded soil, soil banks, rotting wood | Moist shaded soil, soil banks, rotting wood, lowland forests, protected sites near Pacific coast |
Elevation | low to high elevations (0-2500 m) (low to high elevations (0-8200 ft)) | low to moderate elevations (0-500 m) (low to moderate elevations (0-1600 ft)) |
Distribution |
AK; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; IA; ID; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; Mexico; Central America; South America; Atlantic Islands (including Macaronesia); Pacific Islands (New Zealand); Greenland; Africa; Eurasia; West Indies; Australia
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CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico; Central America (Costa Rica) |
Discussion | Traits diagnostic for the protean Rosulabryum capillare are leaves spirally twisted around the stem, long awn, distinct border, and serrulate margins, small size, rosulate innovations, and rhizoidal tubers the same color as the rhizoids. Rosulabryum gemmascens has irregularly contorted leaves with a much weaker border and nearly entire margins, and elongate somewhat imbricate innovations of small red-brown ovate leaves. Rosulabryum laevifilum has a much more variable costa that sometimes does not reach the apex, green leaves, and filiform gemmae. Rosulabryum torquescens has irregularly contorted leaves with strongly serrate margins and red to crimson tubers, brighter than the rhizoids, and is usually synoicous. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rosulabryum erythroloma is a distinctive coastal endemic, characterized by reddish decurrent leaves with a short awn. The capsules often become strikingly bright red and nutant as they mature; the limbidia are red to sometimes yellowish in older leaves. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 28, p. 181. | FNA vol. 28, p. 182. |
Parent taxa | Bryaceae > Rosulabryum | Bryaceae > Rosulabryum |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Bryum capillare | Bryum capillare subsp. erythroloma, B. erythroloma |
Name authority | (Hedwig) J. R. Spence: Bryologist 99: 223. (1996) | (Kindberg) J. R. Spence: Novon 19: 398. (2009) |
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