Rosa rubiginosa |
Rosa rubiginosa var. nemoralis |
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Eglantine or sweet briar rose, Eglantine rose, rosier églantier, small-flower sweetbrier, sweet-briar rose, sweet-brier, sweetbrier rose |
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Habit | Shrubs, erect; not rhizomatous. | |||||
Stems | 10–30 dm; distal branches arching, bark dark brownish red; infrastipular prickles single or paired, curved, falcate, 6–12 × 3–7 mm, lengths varying or ± uniform, internodal prickles sometimes mixed with aciculi and glandular setae. |
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Leaves | persistent, 4–6.5 cm; stipules 6–10 × 2–4 mm, auricles 3–5 mm, margins stipitate-glandular, surfaces glabrous, eglandular; petiole and rachis with pricklets, puberulent, stipitate-glandular; leaflets 5–7(–9), viscid glands with ripe apple scent, terminal: petiolule 5–10 mm, blade mostly suborbiculate or broadly oval, 10–25 × 8–15 mm, base obtuse, margins 2- or multi-serrate, teeth 10–18 per side, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surfaces glabrous or pubescent, usually densely viscid-glandular, adaxial green, lustrous to dull, puberulent or glabrous. |
terminal blades mostly oval, 12–20 × 8–14 mm, apex usually obtuse, abaxial surfaces seldom densely glandular. |
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Inflorescences | panicles, 1–3(–7)-flowered. |
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Pedicels | erect, 6–9 mm, densely stipitate-glandular, sometimes mixed with aciculi [and setae]; bracts 2, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 15 × 5 mm, margins stipitate-glandular, surfaces glabrous, eglandular. |
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Flowers | 2–4 cm diam.; hypanthium obovoid or broadly oblong, 5–6 × 3–4 mm, eglandular, neck (0–)1–1.5 × 3–4 mm; sepals erect or spreading, rarely reflexed, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 14–18 × 2 mm, margins mostly pinnatifid, tip 3–5 × 0.5–1 mm, abaxially densely stipitate-glandular; petals bright or deep pink, 11–20 × 11–18 mm; carpels 25–45, styles villous or glabrous, exsert 1–2 mm beyond stylar orifice (1.2–2 mm diam.) of hypanthial disc (2.5–4 mm diam.). |
2–3.5 cm diam.; sepals deciduous before or as hips mature, styles usually glabrous, stylar orifice 1/5–1/6 diam. of rims 2.5–4 mm diam. |
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Hips | dark red, subglobose to broadly ovoid, ellipsoid, or pyriform, 10–25 × 7–22 mm, glabrous, sometimes setose, eglandular; sepals tardily deciduous, mostly erect. |
10–12 × 7–9 mm. |
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Achenes | 15–25, tan, 3.5–4(–5) × 2–2.5(–3) mm. |
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Prickles | infrastipular and internodal, lengths ± uniform, aciculi and setae absent on flowering branches. |
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2n | = 35, 42. |
= 35, 42. |
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Rosa rubiginosa |
Rosa rubiginosa var. nemoralis |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Aug. | |||||
Habitat | Thickets, clearings, roadsides | |||||
Elevation | 0–700 m (0–2300 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; Europe; w Asia; n Africa [Introduced widely worldwide]
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CT; DC; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MO; NC; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; WA; WI; WV; NS; ON; PE; QC; Europe [Introduced in North America; introduced also in Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia] |
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Rosa rubiginosa has been introduced throughout Canada and the United States except the desert southwest. Plants are compact, upright shrubs without rhizomes. Stems have stout, falcate infrastipular prickles mixed with internodal prickles, aciculi, and glandular setae. Leaflet blades are densely viscid-glandular with ripe apple scent and margins 2- or multi-serrate with stipitate glands. Rosa eglanteria Linnaeus is a formally rejected name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Variety nemoralis is often found near var. rubiginosa with apparently little or no ecological distinctions between them. They differ in morphological characters by degrees of expression rather than complete distinctions. The rank of variety follows, for example, the recommendation of H. J. Scoggan (1978–1979). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 90. | FNA vol. 9, p. 91. | ||||
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Roseae > Rosa > subg. Rosa > sect. Caninae | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Roseae > Rosa > subg. Rosa > sect. Caninae > Rosa rubiginosa | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | R. nemoralis, R. micrantha | |||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Mant. Pl. 2: 564. (1771) | (Léman) Thory: in P. J. Redouté, Roses 2: 23. (1821) | ||||
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