Rosa rubiginosa |
Rosa minutifolia |
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Eglantine or sweet briar rose, Eglantine rose, rosier églantier, small-flower sweetbrier, sweet-briar rose, sweet-brier, sweetbrier rose |
Baja rose, Ensenada rose, small-leaf rose |
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Habit | Shrubs, erect; not rhizomatous. | Shrubs forming dense, low thickets. | ||||
Stems | 10–30 dm; distal branches arching, bark dark brownish red; infrastipular prickles single or paired, curved, falcate, 6–12 × 3–7 mm, lengths varying or ± uniform, internodal prickles sometimes mixed with aciculi and glandular setae. |
usually erect, (3–)5–12(–15) dm; distal branches pubescent or glabrous, without stellate hairs; infrastipular prickles absent, internodal prickles sparse to common, erect, (2–)6–10(–12) × 1–3 mm, pubescent at least basally, mixed with dense aciculi, to 3 mm. |
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Leaves | persistent, 4–6.5 cm; stipules 6–10 × 2–4 mm, auricles 3–5 mm, margins stipitate-glandular, surfaces glabrous, eglandular; petiole and rachis with pricklets, puberulent, stipitate-glandular; leaflets 5–7(–9), viscid glands with ripe apple scent, terminal: petiolule 5–10 mm, blade mostly suborbiculate or broadly oval, 10–25 × 8–15 mm, base obtuse, margins 2- or multi-serrate, teeth 10–18 per side, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surfaces glabrous or pubescent, usually densely viscid-glandular, adaxial green, lustrous to dull, puberulent or glabrous. |
1.5–2.5 cm; stipules 3.5–4 × 1.5–2 mm, margins entire or dentate with glands, surfaces pubescent, eglandular, auricles acute, (0.5–)2–3 mm, surfaces pubescent, eglandular; petiole and rachis puberulent, stipitate glands and pricklets sparse; leaflets 5–7, terminal: petiolule 1–4 mm, blade oval, suborbiculate, or obovate, 3–7 × 2–6 mm, margins deeply 1- or multi-lobed, usually glandular, teeth lobelike, (3 or)4 or 5(or 6) per side on distal 1/2 of blades, some multi-serrate, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surfaces pubescent (especially on veins), adaxial dull, sometimes pubescent. |
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Inflorescences | panicles, 1–3(–7)-flowered. |
1(–3)-flowered. |
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Pedicels | erect, 6–9 mm, densely stipitate-glandular, sometimes mixed with aciculi [and setae]; bracts 2, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 15 × 5 mm, margins stipitate-glandular, surfaces glabrous, eglandular. |
2–9 mm, setae sparse, eglandular; bracts 1 or 2. |
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Flowers | 2–4 cm diam.; hypanthium obovoid or broadly oblong, 5–6 × 3–4 mm, eglandular, neck (0–)1–1.5 × 3–4 mm; sepals erect or spreading, rarely reflexed, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 14–18 × 2 mm, margins mostly pinnatifid, tip 3–5 × 0.5–1 mm, abaxially densely stipitate-glandular; petals bright or deep pink, 11–20 × 11–18 mm; carpels 25–45, styles villous or glabrous, exsert 1–2 mm beyond stylar orifice (1.2–2 mm diam.) of hypanthial disc (2.5–4 mm diam.). |
2.5–3 cm diam.; hypanthium subglobose to globose, 3–4 × 2.5–3.5 mm, densely pubescent and setose; sepals spreading, 8–12 × 2–4 mm, tip 4–6 × 1–1.5 mm, lobes 3–4, margins usually gland-tipped, abaxial surfaces pubescent, setae sparse, eglandular or sparsely glandular; petals usually pink to light rose pink, sometimes white, 10–15(–20) × 9–14 mm; stamens 45; carpels 10–25(–30), styles exsert 1–2 mm beyond stylar orifice (2–4 mm diam.), rims 0.5–0.8 mm wide. |
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Hips | dark red, subglobose to broadly ovoid, ellipsoid, or pyriform, 10–25 × 7–22 mm, glabrous, sometimes setose, eglandular; sepals tardily deciduous, mostly erect. |
dark reddish purple, subglobose, 5–7 × 5–7 mm, setae 1–4 mm, pubescent, eglandular. |
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Achenes | 15–25, tan, 3.5–4(–5) × 2–2.5(–3) mm. |
6–16, dark, ± terete-elongate, 3.5–4 × 1.5–2 mm. |
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2n | = 35, 42. |
= 14. |
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Rosa rubiginosa |
Rosa minutifolia |
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Phenology | Flowering Mar–Jul. | |||||
Habitat | Dry washes, brush, grasslands, sagebrush, rocky hillsides | |||||
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AL; AR; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; Europe; w Asia; n Africa [Introduced widely worldwide]
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CA; Mexico (Baja California)
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Rosa rubiginosa has been introduced throughout Canada and the United States except the desert southwest. Plants are compact, upright shrubs without rhizomes. Stems have stout, falcate infrastipular prickles mixed with internodal prickles, aciculi, and glandular setae. Leaflet blades are densely viscid-glandular with ripe apple scent and margins 2- or multi-serrate with stipitate glands. Rosa eglanteria Linnaeus is a formally rejected name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Rosa minutifolia was first collected in the United States in 1985 (San Diego County; G. A. Levin 1986). Before being extirpated by a development project, the single population was re-established in a nearby protected site, where the transplants are reportedly doing well (C. Burrascano, pers. comm.). Existence of R. minutifolia in the United States remains of conservation concern. Although common where found in coastal scrub of Baja California, Mexico, the habitat there is considered threatened by development. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 90. | FNA vol. 9, p. 79. | ||||
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Roseae > Rosa > subg. Rosa > sect. Caninae | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Roseae > Rosa > subg. Hesperhodos > sect. Minutifoliae | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Hesperhodos minutifolius | |||||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Mant. Pl. 2: 564. (1771) | Engelmann: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 9: 97. (1882) | ||||
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