Rosa pisocarpa |
Rosa pisocarpa subsp. pisocarpa |
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cluster rose, cluster wild rose, peafruit rose, swamp rose |
cluster or pea rose, cluster rose, cluster wild rose, pea-fruit rose |
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Habit | Shrubs, loosely clustered or in dense thickets. | Plants often forming thickets. | ||||
Stems | ascending to erect, (2–)4–20(–25) dm, openly branched; bark ± glaucous when young, dark reddish brown or dull red with age outer layer may exfoliate as thin ash gray peel, glabrous; infrastipular prickles usually paired, erect, rarely curved, usually subulate, 2–10 × 2–4 mm, base glabrous, internodal prickles rare or absent. |
loosely to densely clustered, 10–25 dm; infrastipular prickles primarily (1–)2, 2–10 mm. |
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Leaves | 5–10(–13) cm; stipules 8–22 × 2–5 mm, auricles flared, 2–5 mm, margins usually entire, sometimes erose or lobed, finely ciliolate to ciliate, eglandular, surfaces glabrous or sparsely pubescent, sparsely stipitate-glandular or eglandular; petiole and rachis sometimes with pricklets, glabrous or hairy hairs to 1 mm, sometimes stipitate-glandular; leaflets 5–7(–9), terminal: petiolule 8–12 mm, blade elliptic-ovate, (15–)20–45(–60) × 9–16(–20) mm, widest at or below middle, membranous, base cuneate to obtuse, margins 1(–2)-serrate, teeth 12–22 per side, on distal 3/4–4/5 of margin, acute, eglandular, apex acute, sometimes obtuse, abaxial surfaces pale green, usually sparsely pubescent, eglandular, adaxial green, dull, glabrous, rarely puberulent. |
5–10 cm; leaflets 5–7(–9), most commonly 7, terminal blade 15–35 mm. |
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Inflorescences | corymbs, sometimes panicles or solitary flowers, 1–12-flowered. |
(1–)3–12-flowered. |
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Pedicels | erect, sometimes recurved, slender, 10–22 mm, usually glabrous, sometimes finely puberulent, eglandular, rarely stipulate-glandular; bracts 2–3, lanceolate, 8–14 × 3–6 mm, margins entire, sometimes serrate, irregularly stipitate-glandular and/or erose, surfaces glabrous or pubescent, eglandular. |
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Flowers | 2.4–3.8 cm diam.; hypanthium ovoid-urceolate, 3–5 × 2.5–3.5 mm, glabrous, rarely setose, eglandular, neck (0–)0.5–1 × 2 mm; sepals spreading, ovate-lanceolate, 10–17 × 1.5–3 mm, tip 3–7(–10) × 1.5–2.5 mm, margins entire, abaxial surfaces sometimes puberulent, densely or sparsely stipitate-glandular, rarely eglandular; petals single, pink to deep pink, 12–18 × 10–18 mm; stamens 75; carpels 22–35, styles exsert 1–2 mm beyond stylar orifice (1 mm diam.) of hypanthial disc (3.5 mm diam.). |
sepal tip to 10 mm, abaxial surfaces usually stipitate-glandular; carpels 22–35. |
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Hips | scarlet, globose, sometimes subglobose or ovoid, 7–15 × 7–13 mm, fleshy, glabrous, eglandular, rarely setose- or stipitate-glandular, neck (0–)1–1.5 × 1.5–3.5 mm; sepals persistent, erect. |
usually globose, rarely subglobose, 7–10 mm diam., abruptly narrowed to neck 1.5–3 mm diam. |
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Achenes | basiparietal, 5–35, tan, 3–4 × 1.5–2.5 mm. |
25–35. |
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2n | = 14, 28. |
= 14. |
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Rosa pisocarpa |
Rosa pisocarpa subsp. pisocarpa |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | |||||
Habitat | Coasts, stream banks, riparian areas, open and low places, sedge meadows, swamps, roadside hedges, thickets, montane oak belts | |||||
Elevation | 30–2100 m (100–6900 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC
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CA; OR; WA; BC |
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Subspecies pisocarpa encompasses traditional circumscriptions of Rosa pisocarpa. It occurs in coastal regions from southwestern British Columbia to northern California, west of and within the Cascade Mountains. Stems tend to have paired erect prickles, stipitate-glandular sepals with elongate tips, and clusters of pea-shaped hips. Limited populations intermediate with R. woodsii subsp. ultramontana occur in Cascade Mountain passes along the Fraser River (British Columbia), the Columbia River (Oregon and Washington), and the Klamath River (southern Oregon). Reports of R. pisocarpa from farther east (for example, R. J. Davis 1952) were based on R. woodsii or other species. The Snohomish and Squaxin of Puget Sound, Washington, used subsp. pisocarpa root decoctions to treat sore throats, and bark infusions for after child-birth, respectively (D. E. Moerman 1998). Southeastern Vancouver Island Saanich have used young shoots for food in the spring; ripe hips were eaten raw in the fall. They also boiled branches to make a decoction, which was used to flush the eyes of those not able to see well; this preparation served to treat any eye problem, including cataracts (N. J. Turner, pers. comm.). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 109. | FNA vol. 9, p. 110. | ||||
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Roseae > Rosa > subg. Rosa > sect. Rosa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Roseae > Rosa > subg. Rosa > sect. Rosa > Rosa pisocarpa | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | R. rivalis | |||||
Name authority | A. Gray: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 382. (1872) | unknown | ||||
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