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Baja rose, Ensenada rose, small-leaf rose

soft downy-rose

Habit Shrubs forming dense, low thickets. Shrubs, forming large thickets; rhizomatous.
Stems

usually erect, (3–)5–12(–15) dm;

distal branches pubescent or glabrous, without stellate hairs;

infrastipular prickles absent, internodal prickles sparse to common, erect, (2–)6–10(–12) × 1–3 mm, pubescent at least basally, mixed with dense aciculi, to 3 mm.

usually spreading and arching, erect, 8–15(–20) dm;

distal branches erect or spreading, bark reddish when exposed, pruinose when young or shaded;

infrastipular prickles paired, erect, 5–6 × 3–4 mm, lengths ± uniform, internodal prickles similar or smaller, mixed with aciculi.

Leaves

1.5–2.5 cm;

stipules 3.5–4 × 1.5–2 mm, margins entire or dentate with glands, surfaces pubescent, eglandular, auricles acute, (0.5–)2–3 mm, surfaces pubescent, eglandular;

petiole and rachis puberulent, stipitate glands and pricklets sparse;

leaflets 5–7, terminal: petiolule 1–4 mm, blade oval, suborbiculate, or obovate, 3–7 × 2–6 mm, margins deeply 1- or multi-lobed, usually glandular, teeth lobelike, (3 or)4 or 5(or 6) per side on distal 1/2 of blades, some multi-serrate, apex acute to obtuse, abaxial surfaces pubescent (especially on veins), adaxial dull, sometimes pubescent.

deciduous, 8–11(–14) cm;

stipules 15–20 × 5–10 mm, auricles 5–8 mm, margins glabrous or ciliate, surfaces usually puberulent to tomentulose, sometimes glabrous, eglandular;

petiole and rachis without pricklets, pubescent, eglandular;

leaflets (5–)7, glands resin-scented when crushed, terminal: petiolule 10–17 mm, blade elliptic to ovate, 12–35 × 10–18 mm, base cuneate, sometimes rounded, margins 1–2-serrate, teeth 14–18 per side, apex acute, sometimes rounded, abaxial surfaces tomentose, resinous-glandular, sometimes eglandular, adaxial light green, dull, glabrous or mostly tomentulose.

Inflorescences

1(–3)-flowered.

panicles, 1 or 2(–5)-flowered.

Pedicels

2–9 mm, setae sparse, eglandular;

bracts 1 or 2.

erect or slightly reflexed, (5–)15–35 mm, sparingly stipitate-glandular or eglandular;

bracts (1–)2, ovate-lanceolate, 10–12 × 4–5 mm, margins irregularly glandular-serrate, surfaces glabrous or pubescent, eglandular.

Flowers

2.5–3 cm diam.;

hypanthium subglobose to globose, 3–4 × 2.5–3.5 mm, densely pubescent and setose;

sepals spreading, 8–12 × 2–4 mm, tip 4–6 × 1–1.5 mm, lobes 3–4, margins usually gland-tipped, abaxial surfaces pubescent, setae sparse, eglandular or sparsely glandular;

petals usually pink to light rose pink, sometimes white, 10–15(–20) × 9–14 mm;

stamens 45;

carpels 10–25(–30), styles exsert 1–2 mm beyond stylar orifice (2–4 mm diam.), rims 0.5–0.8 mm wide.

3–4.5 cm diam.;

hypanthium globose, 5–7 × 5–7 mm, stipitate-glandular or setose, neck absent;

sepals spreading, ovate-lanceolate, 20–25 × (4–)5 mm, margins entire, tip 8–10 × 0.5–1 mm, abaxially densely glandular or stipitate-glandular;

petals deep pink, rarely white, 9–16 × 10–16 mm;

carpels 50–65, styles lanate, exsert 1.5 mm beyond stylar orifice (3.5 mm diam.) of hypanthial disc (5 mm diam.).

Hips

dark reddish purple, subglobose, 5–7 × 5–7 mm, setae 1–4 mm, pubescent, eglandular.

red to purplish, globose to depressed-globose, 11–16 × 12–15(–20) mm, glabrous, sometimes setose, stipitate-glandular;

sepals persistent, erect.

Achenes

6–16, dark, ± terete-elongate, 3.5–4 × 1.5–2 mm.

60, dark tan to black, 4–5 × 1.5–2 mm.

2n

= 14.

= 28, 35, 42.

Rosa minutifolia

Rosa mollis

Phenology Flowering Mar–Jul. Flowering Jun–Jul.
Habitat Dry washes, brush, grasslands, sagebrush, rocky hillsides Thickets, stream banks, roadsides, overgrown pastures
Elevation 0–200 m (0–700 ft) 300–400 m (1000–1300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CA; Mexico (Baja California)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
VT; n Europe; c Europe [Introduced in North America]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Of conservation concern.

Rosa minutifolia was first collected in the United States in 1985 (San Diego County; G. A. Levin 1986). Before being extirpated by a development project, the single population was re-established in a nearby protected site, where the transplants are reportedly doing well (C. Burrascano, pers. comm.). Existence of R. minutifolia in the United States remains of conservation concern. Although common where found in coastal scrub of Baja California, Mexico, the habitat there is considered threatened by development.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Rosa mollis is introduced from Scotland.

Rosa mollis is closely allied to R. villosa Linnaeus; the two were treated as distinct by W. J. Bean (1970–1988) and A. V. Gilman (2012).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 9, p. 79. FNA vol. 9, p. 93.
Parent taxa Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Roseae > Rosa > subg. Hesperhodos > sect. Minutifoliae Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Roseae > Rosa > subg. Rosa > sect. Caninae
Sibling taxa
R. acicularis, R. arkansana, R. blanda, R. bracteata, R. bridgesii, R. californica, R. canina, R. carolina, R. cinnamomea, R. foliolosa, R. gallica, R. glauca, R. gymnocarpa, R. laevigata, R. lucieae, R. mollis, R. multiflora, R. nitida, R. nutkana, R. palustris, R. pinetorum, R. pisocarpa, R. rubiginosa, R. rugosa, R. setigera, R. sherardii, R. spinosissima, R. spithamea, R. stellata, R. tomentosa, R. virginiana, R. woodsii
R. acicularis, R. arkansana, R. blanda, R. bracteata, R. bridgesii, R. californica, R. canina, R. carolina, R. cinnamomea, R. foliolosa, R. gallica, R. glauca, R. gymnocarpa, R. laevigata, R. lucieae, R. minutifolia, R. multiflora, R. nitida, R. nutkana, R. palustris, R. pinetorum, R. pisocarpa, R. rubiginosa, R. rugosa, R. setigera, R. sherardii, R. spinosissima, R. spithamea, R. stellata, R. tomentosa, R. virginiana, R. woodsii
Synonyms Hesperhodos minutifolius
Name authority Engelmann: Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 9: 97. (1882) Smith: in J. E. Smith et al., Engl. Bot. 35: plate 2459. (1812)
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