Rosa acicularis |
Rosa acicularis subsp. acicularis |
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acicular rose, arctic rose, bristly rose, prickly rose, prickly wild rose |
prickly rose |
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Habit | Shrubs, forming dense thickets. | |||||
Stems | erect, stout, (3–)10–20(–25) dm, sparsely or densely branched distally; bark pale brown with tips dull red, glabrous; infrastipular prickles absent, internodal prickles dense, erect, subulate, terete, ± flattened, 9 × 4 mm, sparsely stipitate-glandular, mixed with dense aciculi. |
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Leaves | 5.5–15 cm; stipules 20–25 × 3–8 mm, auricles flared or erect, 5–7 mm, margins usually entire, stipitate-glandular, surfaces glabrous, sometimes puberulent, sparsely sessile-glandular or eglandular; petiole and rachis usually (rarely) with pricklets, glabrous or puberulent to pubescent, sessile-glandular; leaflets 5–7 (on annual shoots), terminal: petiolule 6–20 mm, blade elliptic, ovoid, or ovate-lanceolate, 20–60 × 13–32 mm, firm, margins 1(–2+)-dentate-serrate, teeth 11–25 per side acute or obtuse, gland-tipped or eglandular, apex acute or obtuse, abaxial surfaces light green, glabrous or puberulent (on main veins), eglandular or sparsely to densely sessile-glandular, adaxial green, dull, glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
stipule auricles 4–8 mm wide; petiole and rachis rarely with pricklets; leaflets 5 (or 7), margins 1(–2+)-dentate-serrate, teeth 11–25 per 1/2 blade, eglandular, abaxial surfaces eglandular. |
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Inflorescences | corymbs, 1 or 2(or 3)-flowered. |
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Pedicels | reflexed as hips mature, slender, (13–)20–28(–35) mm, glabrous, stipitate-glandular or eglandular; bracts 1–3, ovoid, 18–22 × 4–14 mm, margins entire, sessile- or short stipitate-glandular, surfaces glabrous, sometimes hairy, eglandular. |
densely stipitate-glandular. |
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Flowers | 3–6 cm diam.; hypanthium ovoid to oblong, 5–8 × 4–6 mm, glabrous, eglandular, neck 1 × 2.5–3 mm; sepals spreading, often beak-capped, lanceolate, 20–33 × (2.5–)3–3.5 mm, tip 7–12 × 0.5–0.8 mm, margins entire, sometimes pinnatifid, abaxial surfaces glabrous, sometimes pubescent, eglandular or stipitate-glandular (north); petals single, rose pink to pale pink, (13–)22–25 × (11–)20–25 mm; stamens 75–100; carpels 18–33, styles exsert 1 mm beyond stylar orifice (2 mm diam.) of ± flat hypanthial disc (3.5–4.5 mm diam.). |
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Hips | orange-red to bright red or blue-purple, globose to ellipsoid or urceolate, 10–23 × 9–11 mm, fleshy, glabrous, eglandular, neck 1–2 × 2–2.5 mm; sepals persistent, erect, often beak-capped. |
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Achenes | basiparietal, 14–25, tan, 4 × 2–2.5 mm. |
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Sepals | usually to 3 mm wide at bases, abaxial surfaces usually stipitate-glandular, sometimes eglandular. |
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2n | = 56. |
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Rosa acicularis |
Rosa acicularis subsp. acicularis |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | |||||
Habitat | Timberlines, larch-birch and pine forests, stony glades, grassy meadows, watersheds | |||||
Elevation | 1500–2800 m (4900–9200 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AK; CO; IA; MA; ME; MI; MN; MT; ND; NH; NY; SD; VT; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; NT; NU; ON; QC; SK; YT; Eurasia
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AK; Eurasia |
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Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Rosa acicularis is circumpolar in forests of Eurasia and North America. Octoploid subsp. acicularis occurs from Sweden across northern Russia to Outer Mongolia, northern China, Korea, and Japan; hexaploid subsp. sayi is found throughout northern North America. The two subspecies meet in an intergradation zone from eastern Siberia to Alaska, and perhaps Yukon (W. H. Lewis 1958), where ploidy level is required for subspecies or hybrid confirmation. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
At least one collection from central Alaska has been confirmed as subsp. acicularis on both morphological and cytological evidence (W. H. Lewis 1958). Other reports from Alaska, and Yukon, need confirmation as to whether they are octoploid (2n = 56) subsp. acicularis plants or hybrids with hexaploid subsp. sayi individuals, forming 2n = 49 septaploids. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 9, p. 114. | FNA vol. 9, p. 114. | ||||
Parent taxa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Roseae > Rosa > subg. Rosa > sect. Rosa | Rosaceae > subfam. Rosoideae > tribe Roseae > Rosa > subg. Rosa > sect. Rosa > Rosa acicularis | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Name authority | Lindley: Ros. Monogr., 44, plate 8. (1820) | unknown | ||||
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