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bog yellow cress, common yellow-cress, hispid yellowcress, marsh cress, marsh yellow-cress

alpine yellowcress

Habit Annuals or, rarely, perennials; (short-lived, terrestrial or of wet habitat, not submerged); usually glabrous, rarely hirsute, (trichomes cylindrical). Perennials; (terrestrial or of wet habitat, not submerged, caudex branched or simple, well-developed); usually glabrous.
Stems

(often simple from base), erect, branched distally, (0.5–)1–10(–14) dm, (sometimes hirsute proximally).

usually decumbent to prostrate, rarely erect, much-branched basally and distally, (0.3–)0.4–1.9(–2.6) dm (rarely pilose basally).

Basal leaves

rosulate;

blade [(4–)6–20(–30) cm × 10–50(–80) mm] margins lyrate-pinnatisect, (abaxial surface sometimes hirsute).

not rosulate;

[petiole (0.3–)0.9–2(–2.5) cm];

blade [(0.6–)1–3.2(–4) cm × (2–)3–8(–15) mm], margins usually dentate to pinnatifid, rarely repand.

Cauline leaves

petiolate or subsessile;

blade lyrate-pinnatisect, (lateral lobes oblong or ovate when present), (1.5–)2.5–10(–18) cm × (5–)8–25(–30) mm, (lateral lobes smaller than terminal), base auriculate or amplexicaul, margins subentire or irregularly dentate, sinuate, serrate, or crenate, (abaxial surface sometimes hirsute).

petiolate or subsessile;

blade obovate to oblanceolate, smaller distally, base cuneate, attenuate, not auriculate, margins entire, crenate, or repand.

Racemes

often considerably elongated.

elongated.

Flowers

sepals erect, oblong, 1.5–2.4(–2.6) × 0.5–1 mm;

petals yellow or pale yellow, spatulate, (1.5–)1.8–2.5(–3) × 0.5–1.5(–2) mm;

median filaments 1–2.5 mm;

anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm.

sepals ascending, oblong, 1–1.7(–2) × 0.6–0.8 mm;

petals yellow, spatulate, (1.3–)1.5–2 × 0.5–0.8 mm;

median filaments 0.8–1.2 mm;

anthers ovate, 0.3–0.4 mm.

Fruiting pedicels

divaricate or slightly to strongly reflexed, straight or curved, (2.5–)3–10(–14) mm.

ascending to horizontal or slightly reflexed, straight or curved, (2–)3–6(–8) mm.

Fruits

usually silicles, rarely siliques, often slightly curved, oblong, ellipsoid, or oblong-ovoid, (2.5–)4–10 × (1.5–)1.7–3(–3.5) mm;

ovules 20–90 per ovary;

style 0.2–1(–1.2) mm.

often siliques, sometimes silicles, straight or slightly curved, oblong to lanceolate or ovoid, 3–7(–8) × 1.4–2.1(–2.7) mm;

valves glabrous;

ovules 26–42 per ovary;

style (0.3–)0.5–1(–1.2) mm.

Seeds

biseriate, brown to yellowish brown, ovoid or subglobose, 0.5–0.7(–0.9) mm (0.4–0.6(–0.7) mm diam.), colliculate.

biseriate, yellow-brown, ovoid to subglobose, 0.5–0.7 mm (0.4–0.5 mm diam.), reticulate.

2n

= 16.

Rorippa palustris

Rorippa alpina

Phenology Flowering Jun–Sep.
Habitat Lakeshores, pond margins, streamsides, dried snow ponds, meadows, seep areas
Elevation 1400-3800 m (4600-12500 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Europe; Asia [Introduced in n Mexico, South America, Australia]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CO; ID; MT; NV; UT; WY
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora).

Rorippa palustris is a highly variable species with controversial infraspecific taxonomy. B. Jonsell (1968) recognized four subspecies, of which one (subsp. palustris) is cosmopolitan and three are North American. R. L. Stuckey (1972) followed Jonsell but further divided the North American plants into eleven, poorly defined varieties. Division of the species into subspecies based solely on stem height and fruit length is artificial. The variation is continuous in every character, and the recognized infraspecific taxa represent only some of the extremes. Some collections cannot be adequately assigned to a given subspecies or variety, and of all the infraspecific taxa recognized, only two can be consistently separated from each other; they are recognized here as subspecies.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stems and abaxial leaf blade surfaces usually glabrous, rarely sparsely pubescent proximally.
subsp. palustris
1. Stems and abaxial leaf blades surfaces often densely hirsute.
subsp. hispida
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 501. FNA vol. 7, p. 496.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Rorippa Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Rorippa
Sibling taxa
R. alpina, R. amphibia, R. aquatica, R. austriaca, R. barbareifolia, R. calycina, R. columbiae, R. crystallina, R. curvipes, R. curvisiliqua, R. dubia, R. indica, R. microtitis, R. ramosa, R. sessiliflora, R. sinuata, R. sphaerocarpa, R. subumbellata, R. sylvestris, R. tenerrima, R. teres
R. amphibia, R. aquatica, R. austriaca, R. barbareifolia, R. calycina, R. columbiae, R. crystallina, R. curvipes, R. curvisiliqua, R. dubia, R. indica, R. microtitis, R. palustris, R. ramosa, R. sessiliflora, R. sinuata, R. sphaerocarpa, R. subumbellata, R. sylvestris, R. tenerrima, R. teres
Subordinate taxa
R. palustris subsp. hispida, R. palustris subsp. palustris
Synonyms Sisymbrium amphibium var. palustre, Brachiolobos palustris, Cardamine palustris, Caroli-Gmelina palustris, Myagrum palustre, Nasturtium palustre, Radicula palustris Nasturtium obtusum var. alpinum, Radicula alpina, R. curvipes var. alpina, R. obtusa var. alpina
Name authority (Linnaeus) Besser: Enum. Pl., 27. (1821) (S. Watson) Rydberg: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 176. (1900)
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