Rorippa curvipes |
Rorippa palustris |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
blunt-leaf yellow-cress, common yellow-cress, truncate yellowcress |
bog yellow cress, common yellow-cress, hispid yellowcress, marsh cress, marsh yellow-cress |
|||||
Habit | Annuals or, rarely, perennials; (short-lived, terrestrial or of wet habitat, not submerged); glabrous or hirsute, (trichomes cylindrical). | Annuals or, rarely, perennials; (short-lived, terrestrial or of wet habitat, not submerged); usually glabrous, rarely hirsute, (trichomes cylindrical). | ||||
Stems | (few to several from base), usually ascending, decumbent, or prostrate, rarely erect, branched distally, 1–4.2(–5) dm, (hirsute proximally). |
(often simple from base), erect, branched distally, (0.5–)1–10(–14) dm, (sometimes hirsute proximally). |
||||
Basal leaves | not rosulate; blade margins pinnatifid. |
rosulate; blade [(4–)6–20(–30) cm × 10–50(–80) mm] margins lyrate-pinnatisect, (abaxial surface sometimes hirsute). |
||||
Cauline leaves | shortly petiolate or sessile; blade oblong or oblanceolate to obovate, (terminal lobe oblong), (2–)3.5–10(–12) cm × (5–)10–30(–37) mm, (lateral lobe smaller than terminal), base usually auriculate, rarely amplexicaul, margins: proximal pinnatifid or sinuate, distal dentate or entire, (surfaces sparsely pubescent). |
petiolate or subsessile; blade lyrate-pinnatisect, (lateral lobes oblong or ovate when present), (1.5–)2.5–10(–18) cm × (5–)8–25(–30) mm, (lateral lobes smaller than terminal), base auriculate or amplexicaul, margins subentire or irregularly dentate, sinuate, serrate, or crenate, (abaxial surface sometimes hirsute). |
||||
Racemes | elongated. |
often considerably elongated. |
||||
Flowers | sepals erect, oblong, 0.8–1.8 × 0.5–1 mm; petals (erect), yellow, oblanceolate to spatulate, 0.5–1.8 × 0.2–1 mm; median filaments 0.9–1.3mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
sepals erect, oblong, 1.5–2.4(–2.6) × 0.5–1 mm; petals yellow or pale yellow, spatulate, (1.5–)1.8–2.5(–3) × 0.5–1.5(–2) mm; median filaments 1–2.5 mm; anthers ovate, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
||||
Fruiting pedicels | divaricate-ascending to horizontal, straight or recurved, (1.2–)1.7–5(–8) mm. |
divaricate or slightly to strongly reflexed, straight or curved, (2.5–)3–10(–14) mm. |
||||
Fruits | silicles or siliques, curved, ovoid to pyriform, 2–8(–8.8) × (0.5–)1–2.5 mm; valves glabrous; ovules (20–)30–80 per ovary; style 0.3–1 mm. |
usually silicles, rarely siliques, often slightly curved, oblong, ellipsoid, or oblong-ovoid, (2.5–)4–10 × (1.5–)1.7–3(–3.5) mm; ovules 20–90 per ovary; style 0.2–1(–1.2) mm. |
||||
Seeds | biseriate, brown, cordiform, 0.5–0.7 mm, colliculate. |
biseriate, brown to yellowish brown, ovoid or subglobose, 0.5–0.7(–0.9) mm (0.4–0.6(–0.7) mm diam.), colliculate. |
||||
2n | = 16. |
|||||
Rorippa curvipes |
Rorippa palustris |
|||||
Phenology | Flowering May–Sep. | |||||
Habitat | Muddy shores of lakes and ponds, stream beds and banks, edges of cultivated fields, wet roadside, meadows, seepage areas, ditches, creeks, gravel bars | |||||
Elevation | 100-3500 m (300-11500 ft) | |||||
Distribution |
AR; AZ; CA; CO; ID; IL; KS; MI; MN; MO; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; OR; SD; TX; UT; WA; WY; AB; BC; SK; Mexico (Coahuila)
|
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; Europe; Asia [Introduced in n Mexico, South America, Australia]
|
||||
Discussion | Subspecies 2 (2 in the flora). Rorippa palustris is a highly variable species with controversial infraspecific taxonomy. B. Jonsell (1968) recognized four subspecies, of which one (subsp. palustris) is cosmopolitan and three are North American. R. L. Stuckey (1972) followed Jonsell but further divided the North American plants into eleven, poorly defined varieties. Division of the species into subspecies based solely on stem height and fruit length is artificial. The variation is continuous in every character, and the recognized infraspecific taxa represent only some of the extremes. Some collections cannot be adequately assigned to a given subspecies or variety, and of all the infraspecific taxa recognized, only two can be consistently separated from each other; they are recognized here as subspecies. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|||||
Key |
|
|||||
Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 499. | FNA vol. 7, p. 501. | ||||
Parent taxa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Rorippa | Brassicaceae > tribe Cardamineae > Rorippa | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | Cardamine palustris var. jonesii, Radicula curvipes, Radicula integra, Radicula sinuata var. integra, Radicula sinuata var. truncata, Radicula underwoodii, R. curvipes var. integra, R. curvipes var. truncata, R. integra, R. obtusa var. integra, R. truncata, R. underwoodii | Sisymbrium amphibium var. palustre, Brachiolobos palustris, Cardamine palustris, Caroli-Gmelina palustris, Myagrum palustre, Nasturtium palustre, Radicula palustris | ||||
Name authority | Greene: Pittonia 3: 97. (1896) | (Linnaeus) Besser: Enum. Pl., 27. (1821) | ||||
Web links |
|
|