Rorippa columbiae |
Rorippa sphaerocarpa |
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Columbia cress, Columbia yellow-cress, Columbia yellowcress cress, Columbian yellowcress |
round fruit yellow cress |
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Habit | Perennials; (terrestrial or of wet habitat, not submerged, with creeping roots and adventitious stems); pilose or hirsute. | Annuals or, rarely, biennials; (terrestrial or of wet habitat, not submerged); glabrous or hirsute. |
Stems | suberect or decumbent to prostrate, branched distally, 1–3.2(–4.1) dm, (pilose to hirsute). |
(simple or few- to many-branched from base), decumbent or erect, branched distally, 1–4(–5.5) dm, (hirsute proximally). |
Basal leaves | absent. |
rosulate; blade margins pinnatifid. |
Cauline leaves | shortly petiolate or sessile; blade oblanceolate to oblong, (lateral lobes oblong to ovate, often reaching midrib), 2.4–5.2 cm × 5–12 mm, base auriculate or not, margins sinuate to pinnatifid or (lateral lobes) entire or dentate, (surfaces pilose). |
shortly petiolate or sessile; blade oblong to oblanceolate, (lateral lobes oblong to ovate), (3.5–)4.5–9(–12) cm × 10–25(–33) mm, (lateral lobes smaller than terminal), base auriculate or not, margins pinnatifid to pinnatisect, or (lateral lobes) crenate to subentire. |
Racemes | elongated. |
elongated. |
Flowers | sepals (persistent), ascending, oblong, 2–3.5 × 0.8–1.5 mm, (pilose); petals yellow, oblanceolate to spatulate, 2.7–4.2 × 0.7–1.7 mm; median filaments 2–3.5 mm; anthers ovate, ca. 0.8 mm. |
sepals ascending, oblong to ovate, 0.7–1.3 × 0.4–0.7 mm; petals yellow, oblanceolate to spatulate, 0.6–1.2 × 0.2–0.5 mm; median filaments 0.9–1.2 mm; anthers ovate, 0.2–0.3 mm. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending, (subappressed to rachis), straight, (3–)4–10(–12) mm, (densely pilose). |
divaricate to slightly reflexed, straight or recurved, 1.5–3.7(–4.3) mm. |
Fruits | silicles, straight, subglobose to oblong ellipsoid, (1.5–)2.5–5.5(–7) × (1–)1.7–2.8(–3.5) mm; valves densely pilose; ovules 24–40 per ovary; style 0.7–3.2 mm, (pilose). |
silicles, straight, globose or subglobose, 1.2–2.5(–3) mm diam.; valves glabrous; ovules 20–42 per ovary; style 0.1–0.7(–1) mm. |
Seeds | biseriate, yellowish brown, ovoid-globose, 0.7–0.9 mm, prominently colliculate. |
biseriate, brown, cordiform, 0.5–0.7 mm, finely colliculate. |
Rorippa columbiae |
Rorippa sphaerocarpa |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering May–Aug. |
Habitat | Stream banks, ditches, margins of lakes and ponds, meadows, roadsides, gravel bars, wet fields | Shores of ponds and lakes, mud flats, stream edges, moist grounds |
Elevation | 100-1600 m (300-5200 ft) | 1200-3300 m (3900-10800 ft) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA
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AZ; CA; CO; ID; NM; TX; UT; WY; Mexico (Chihuahua)
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 499. | FNA vol. 7, p. 504. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Nasturtium sinuatum var. columbiae, Nasturtium columbiae, Nasturtium sinuatum var. pubescens, Radicula columbiae, R. calycina var. columbiae, R. sinuata var. pubescens | Nasturtium sphaerocarpum, Cardamine globosa var. sphaerocarpa, Caroli-Gmelina sylvestris, Nasturtium obtusum var. sphaerocarpum, Radicula obtusa var. sphaerocarpa, Radicula sphaerocarpa, R. obtusa var. sphaerocarpa |
Name authority | (S. Watson) Howell: Fl. N.W. Amer., 40. (1897) | (A. Gray) Britton: Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 170. (1894) |
Web links |
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