Rorippa columbiae |
Brassicaceae tribe Cardamineae |
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Columbia cress, Columbia yellow-cress, Columbia yellowcress cress, Columbian yellowcress |
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Habit | Perennials; (terrestrial or of wet habitat, not submerged, with creeping roots and adventitious stems); pilose or hirsute. | Annuals, biennials, or perennials; eglandular. |
Stems | suberect or decumbent to prostrate, branched distally, 1–3.2(–4.1) dm, (pilose to hirsute). |
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Basal leaves | absent. |
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Cauline leaves | shortly petiolate or sessile; blade oblanceolate to oblong, (lateral lobes oblong to ovate, often reaching midrib), 2.4–5.2 cm × 5–12 mm, base auriculate or not, margins sinuate to pinnatifid or (lateral lobes) entire or dentate, (surfaces pilose). |
(rarely absent), usually petiolate, sometimes sessile; blade (simple or compound), base auriculate or not, margins entire or dentate to pinnately lobed. |
Trichomes | absent or simple. |
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Racemes | elongated. |
usually ebracteate (Selenia bracteate throughout), often elongated in fruit. |
Flowers | sepals (persistent), ascending, oblong, 2–3.5 × 0.8–1.5 mm, (pilose); petals yellow, oblanceolate to spatulate, 2.7–4.2 × 0.7–1.7 mm; median filaments 2–3.5 mm; anthers ovate, ca. 0.8 mm. |
actinomorphic; sepals erect to spreading or ascending, lateral pair seldom saccate basally; petals white, yellow, pink, lilac, or purple, claw usually present, rarely absent, often distinct; filaments unappendaged, not winged; pollen 3-colpate. |
Fruiting pedicels | ascending, (subappressed to rachis), straight, (3–)4–10(–12) mm, (densely pilose). |
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Fruits | silicles, straight, subglobose to oblong ellipsoid, (1.5–)2.5–5.5(–7) × (1–)1.7–2.8(–3.5) mm; valves densely pilose; ovules 24–40 per ovary; style 0.7–3.2 mm, (pilose). |
silicles or siliques, dehiscent, unsegmented, terete, 4-angled, or latiseptate, rarely angustiseptate; ovules 4–300[–numerous] per ovary; style distinct or obsolete (absent in Subularia); stigma usually entire. |
Seeds | biseriate, yellowish brown, ovoid-globose, 0.7–0.9 mm, prominently colliculate. |
biseriate or uniseriate; cotyledons usually accumbent, sometimes incumbent. |
Rorippa columbiae |
Brassicaceae tribe Cardamineae |
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Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | |
Habitat | Stream banks, ditches, margins of lakes and ponds, meadows, roadsides, gravel bars, wet fields | |
Elevation | 100-1600 m (300-5200 ft) | |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA
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Nearly worldwide |
Discussion | Genera 12, species ca. 335 (10 genera, 85 species in the flora). The assignment of Subularia to Cardamineae is provisional and based solely on morphology. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 7, p. 499. | FNA vol. 7, p. 458. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Nasturtium sinuatum var. columbiae, Nasturtium columbiae, Nasturtium sinuatum var. pubescens, Radicula columbiae, R. calycina var. columbiae, R. sinuata var. pubescens | |
Name authority | (S. Watson) Howell: Fl. N.W. Amer., 40. (1897) | Dumortier: Fl. Belg., 124. (1827) |
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