Ribes sanguineum |
Ribes uva-crispa |
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blood currant, flowering currant, red currant, red-flowering currant, redflower currant, winter currant |
European gooseberry, groseillier épineux |
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| Habit | Plants 1–4 m. | Plants 1–1.5 m. | ||||
| Stems | erect, finely pubescent, stipitate-glandular; spines at nodes absent; prickles on internodes absent. |
erect, pubescent; spines at nodes 3, 5–10 mm; prickles on internodes present, scattered. |
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| Leaves | petiole 2–7 cm, puberulent, short stipitate-glandular; blade broadly reniform or cordate-orbiculate to deltate-ovate, nearly equally to irregularly 5-lobed, cleft nearly 1/4 to midrib, 2–7 cm, base subtruncate to cordate, surfaces puberulent to whitish-tomentose abaxially, puberulent adaxially or puberulent and colorless, sessile-glandular on both surfaces, lobes deltate to obtuse, margins finely 2–3 times crenate and denticulate or serrate, apex broadly acute. |
petiole 1–2 cm, pubescent; blade pentangular, 3–5-lobed, deeply cleft, 2–5 cm, base cordate to broad-cuneate, surfaces pubescent, lobes obtuse, margins crenulate-dentate, apex obtuse. |
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| Inflorescences | pendent to stiffly spreading or ascending or erect, 5–40-flowered racemes, 5–15 cm, axis crisped-pubescent and stipitate-glandular, flowers evenly spaced. |
spreading, solitary flowers or 2–3-flowered racemes, 1–3 cm, axis glabrous or sparsely lanate and stipitate-glandular, flowers evenly spaced. |
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| Pedicels | jointed, 5–10 mm, pubescent, stipitate-glandular; bracts oblanceolate or lanceolate, 2–12 mm, with scattered, short hairs and stalked glands. |
not jointed, 2–4 mm, glabrous or sparsely lanate; bracts ovate, 1–3 mm, sparsely lanate, sparsely stipitate-glandular. |
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| Flowers | hypanthium white, pink, rose, or red, tubular to campanulate, 3–7 mm, pubescent, stipitate-glandular; sepals not overlapping, spreading or reflexed, white, pink, or red, ovate-elliptic or oblong to oblanceolate or lanceolate, 4–5 mm; petals not or nearly connivent to connivent, erect, white or pink to red, obovate-spatulate to oblong or almost square, not conspicuously revolute or inrolled, 1–3.5 mm; nectary disc not prominent; stamens shorter than to as long as petals; filaments linear or slightly expanded at base, 1.2–2 mm, glabrous; anthers cream, oblong-oval, 0.5–0.8 mm, apex shallowly notched; ovary stipitate-glandular to strongly stipitate-glandular and crisped-puberulent; styles connate nearly to stigmas, 4–6 mm, glabrous or with scattered, stipitate glands at base. |
hypanthium greenish, short-campanulate, 4–6 mm, pubescent; sepals not overlapping, spreading, greenish abaxially, pink adaxially, strap-shaped, 5–7 mm; petals not connivent, erect, white, ovate, not conspicuously revolute or inrolled, 2–3 mm; nectary disc not prominent; stamens 2 times longer than petals; filaments linear, 4–6 mm, glabrous; anthers cream, oblong-oval, 1–2 mm, apex rounded; ovary sparsely hairy; styles connate to tip, ca. 6 mm, villous in proximal 1/2. |
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| Berries | palatable but insipid, blue-black, glaucous, ovoid or globose, 3–9(–10) mm, yellowish or greenish stipitate-glandular. |
very palatable, greenish, ovoid, 10–20 mm, softly bristled. |
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| 2n | = 16. |
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Ribes sanguineum |
Ribes uva-crispa |
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| Phenology | Flowering Mar–Apr. | |||||
| Habitat | Thickets, fields, roadsides, other anthropogenic habitats | |||||
| Elevation | 0-2500 m [0-8200 ft] | |||||
| Distribution |
CA; ID; OR; WA; BC [Introduced in c Europe]
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CT; DE; IA; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; SD; VT; WI; WV; NL; ON; QC; w Europe; c Europe (including Great Britain); n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in n Europe (including Ireland), Atlantic Islands (Iceland)] |
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| Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). Ribes sanguineum is widely cultivated. It begins to bloom very early in the season, providing a nectar source for pollinators when little else is available. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Culinary forms of gooseberry have been bred from Ribes uva-crispa. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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| Key |
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| Synonyms | R. grossularia | |||||
| Name authority | Pursh: Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 164. 1813 , | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 201. 1753 , | ||||
| Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 21. | FNA vol. 8, p. 42. | ||||
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