Rhynchospora wrightiana |
Rhynchospora nivea |
|
---|---|---|
Wright's beaksedge |
showy whitetop |
|
Habit | Plants perennial, cespitose, 10–50 cm; rhizomes absent. | Plants perennial, cespitose, 10–40 cm, wiry; rhizomes absent. |
Culms | slender, ± filiform, leafy, terete to bluntly trigonous. |
erect to spreading-ascending, leafybased, trigonous or compressed, ribbed. |
Leaves | shorter than culm; blades spreading to ascending, ± filiform, proximally flat, 0.5–1(–1.5) mm, apex tapering, trigonous. |
exceeded by scape; blades narrowly linear to filiform, 0.2–2 mm wide, apex tapering, trigonous. |
Inflorescences | spikelet clusters 1–3, loose to dense, widely spaced to close together, turbinate to hemispheric; leafy bracts setaceous, mostly exceeding spikelet clusters. |
terminal, solitary, headlike, dense, white, leafyinvolucrate, hemispheric to globose, 0.5–1.5 cm wide; involucral bracts (0–)1–4, ascending to recurved, green, (0.7–)2–5(–6) cm × 0.2–2 mm. |
Spikelets | dark redbrown, lanceovoid, 2.5–3.5(–4) mm, apex acute; fertile scales ovate, 2–3.5 mm, apex acute or acuminate, rarely minutely awned. |
white, ovoid, 5–7 mm; fertile scales several, boat-shaped, 2.5–3.5 mm, keel curved, not sharp. |
Flowers | bristles 6, of various length, mostly extending from fruit midbody to tubercle base, antrorsely barbellate. |
perianth absent. |
Fruits | 1–2 per spikelet, (2–)2–2.5 mm; body brown with pale center, lenticular, broadly ellipsoid, 1.5–1.7 × 1.2–1.3 mm, surfaces nearly smooth or very finely cancellate; tubercle flat, triangular with short-oblong, blunttipped nose, or triangularsubulate, 0.5–0.8 mm. |
0.8–1 mm; body yellow to near black, broadly pyriform-obovoid, tumidly lenticular, 0.5–0.8 × 0.5–0.8 mm, margin narrow, flowing into tubercle; surfaces transversely sharply wavyrugose, ridges bordered by rows of fine, linear, vertical lattices; tubercle depressedtriangular, lunate-based, shortbeaked 0.2(–0.3) mm, gray-crustaceous. |
Rhynchospora wrightiana |
Rhynchospora nivea |
|
Phenology | Fruiting late spring–fall or all year (south). | Fruiting spring–fall. |
Habitat | Sands and peats in flatwoods, pine savannas, pond and stream banks, bogs, and seeps | Low, open, moist to wet, basic substrates of fens, meadows, seeps, and shores, limestone districts |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; MS; NC; SC; VA; Central America; West Indies
|
OK; TX |
Discussion | The morphologic boundary between Rhynchospora wrightiana and R. fascicularis (particularly morphs of R. fascicularis referred to R. fascicularis var. distans) is difficult, as recent annotations of the material testify. It is best to consider R. wrightiana as a lower, distinctly filiformleaved entity with darker brown, shorter spikelets and shorter fruit. Kükenthal’s concept of R. wrightiana appears to include a considerable amount of R. fascicularis var. distans. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rhynchospora nivea, of the “Dichromena” of North America, is the smallest fruited and most slender and has the fewest and shortest involucral bracts (in some plants the bract is entirely absent). Involucral bracts of R. nivea are almost entirely green. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 236. | FNA vol. 23, p. 216. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. gracillima, R. distans var. gracillima, R. distans var. tenuis | Dichromena diphylla, Dichromena nivea |
Name authority | Boeckeler: Flora 64: 78. (1881) | Boeckeler: Linnaea 37: 527. (1872) |
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