Rhynchospora wrightiana |
Rhynchospora caduca |
|
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Wright's beaksedge |
anglestem beaksedge |
|
Habit | Plants perennial, cespitose, 10–50 cm; rhizomes absent. | Plants perennial, cespitose, 70–150 cm; rhizomes often present, short, scaly. |
Culms | slender, ± filiform, leafy, terete to bluntly trigonous. |
erect or ascending, leafy, trigonous. |
Leaves | shorter than culm; blades spreading to ascending, ± filiform, proximally flat, 0.5–1(–1.5) mm, apex tapering, trigonous. |
exceeded by culm; blades linear, proximally 4–7 mm wide, apex trigonous, tapering. |
Inflorescences | spikelet clusters 1–3, loose to dense, widely spaced to close together, turbinate to hemispheric; leafy bracts setaceous, mostly exceeding spikelet clusters. |
terminal and axillary; clusters 3–6, mostly dense, narrowly to broadly turbinate, branches ascending; leafy bracts exceeeding proximalmost inflorescences. |
Spikelets | dark redbrown, lanceovoid, 2.5–3.5(–4) mm, apex acute; fertile scales ovate, 2–3.5 mm, apex acute or acuminate, rarely minutely awned. |
rich brown, ovoid, (3–)4–5 mm, apex acuminate; fertile scales ovate, 2.5–3.5 mm, apex acuminate, midrib included or shortexcurrent. |
Flowers | bristles 6, of various length, mostly extending from fruit midbody to tubercle base, antrorsely barbellate. |
perianth bristles mostly 6, exceeding tubercle tip. |
Fruits | 1–2 per spikelet, (2–)2–2.5 mm; body brown with pale center, lenticular, broadly ellipsoid, 1.5–1.7 × 1.2–1.3 mm, surfaces nearly smooth or very finely cancellate; tubercle flat, triangular with short-oblong, blunttipped nose, or triangularsubulate, 0.5–0.8 mm. |
mostly 3–4 per spikelet, 2–2.2 mm; body brown on short pedicellar (to 0.3 mm) stalk, broadly obovoid, lenticular, 1.3–1.5 × 1–1.5 mm, surfaces transversely rugulose, vertically finely striate and rectangularalveolate; tubercle compressed, triangular acuminate, 0.5–0.8 mm, edges setulose. |
Rhynchospora wrightiana |
Rhynchospora caduca |
|
Phenology | Fruiting late spring–fall or all year (south). | Fruiting summer–fall. |
Habitat | Sands and peats in flatwoods, pine savannas, pond and stream banks, bogs, and seeps | Low meadows, clearings, marshes, marsh borders, seeps, bog moats, savannas, ditches, pine flatwoods, swamps |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; MS; NC; SC; VA; Central America; West Indies
|
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA
|
Discussion | The morphologic boundary between Rhynchospora wrightiana and R. fascicularis (particularly morphs of R. fascicularis referred to R. fascicularis var. distans) is difficult, as recent annotations of the material testify. It is best to consider R. wrightiana as a lower, distinctly filiformleaved entity with darker brown, shorter spikelets and shorter fruit. Kükenthal’s concept of R. wrightiana appears to include a considerable amount of R. fascicularis var. distans. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rhynchospora caduca has its closest relationships with the even more robust R. odorata Grisebach, on the one hand, and the swampinhabiting, more slender, and rhizomatous R. mixta Britton ex Small, on the other. Intergrades with R. odorata appear in Alabama and northwest Florida; intergrades with R. mixta appear where ranges overlap in both the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 236. | FNA vol. 23, p. 223. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. gracillima, R. distans var. gracillima, R. distans var. tenuis | Phaeocephalum caducum, R. patula |
Name authority | Boeckeler: Flora 64: 78. (1881) | Elliott: Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 1: 62. (1816) |
Web links |