Rhynchospora torreyana |
Rhynchospora corniculata |
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Torrey's beaksedge |
shortbristle horned beaksedge |
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Habit | Plants perennial, cespitose, 50–100 cm; rhizomes absent. | Plants perennial, cespitose, 100–150(–200) cm, coarse; rhizomes absent. |
Culms | ascending-excurved, leafy, ± terete, slender. |
stiffly erect, leafy, triangular, multiribbed; principal leaves overtopped by culm; blades flat, 3–20 mm wide, apex attenuate, trigonous. |
Leaves | ascending, overtopped by culm; blades narrowly linear, proximally flat, 2–3 mm wide, apex trigonous, tapering. |
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Inflorescences | spikelet clusters (1–)2–3, widely spaced, open to dense, broadly to narrowly turbinate, branches ascending to slightly spreading, capillary; leafy bracts setaceous-tipped, overtopping all but distal clusters. |
terminal and axillary, diffuse clusters of corymbs, fascicles turbinate to hemispheric; bracts often overtopping clusters. |
Spikelets | light red-brown, ovoid, 3.5–5 mm, apex acuminate; fertile scales ovate, 2.5–3.5 mm, apex acute, midrib excurrent as cusp or mucro. |
few to several per cluster, brown or reddish brown, lanceoloid, 10–15 mm, apex narrowly acute; fertile scales broadly lanceolate, (7.5–)10–13(–14) mm, apex acute, midrib shortexcurrent or not. |
Flowers | perianth bristles 6, reaching at most 2/3 length of fruit body, antrorsely barbellate. |
perianth bristles 5–6, longest reaching to or slightly beyond fruit midbody, antrorsely barbellate. |
Fruits | 1–4(–5) per spikelet, 2 mm; body brown, strongly compressed, obovoid-ellipsoid, 1.4–1.6 × 1–1.2 mm, margins flowing to tubercle; surfaces finely transversely rugose, intervals with narrow vertical alveolae; tubercle flat, low-triangular, 0.2–0.3(–0.5) mm. |
1(–2) per spikelet, 13–20(–25) mm; body oblongellipsoid, compressed, 4–5(–6) × 2–3 mm, base narrowed, short, margins thickened, often crimped, surfaces concave, striate, minutely cancellate or pebbled; tubercle subulate, 2-grooved, 10–15(–20) mm, scabridulous. |
2n | = 18. |
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Rhynchospora torreyana |
Rhynchospora corniculata |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | Fruiting summer–fall. |
Habitat | Sands and peats of low meadows, savannas, flatwoods, pond shores, ditch banks | Swamps, marshes, and shallows, mostly in basic to circumneutral, silty or muddy open sites |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CT; DE; FL; GA; MA; MD; NC; NJ; NY; RI; SC; VA |
AL; AR; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA
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Discussion | Specimens of Rhyncospora corniculata with base of the tubercle fully as wide as the fruit and with fruit bodies at the lower length range were treated by M. L. Fernald as R. corniculata var. interior Fernald. The percent of fruit with crimped margins in Rhynchospora corniculata increases westward in the Gulf coastal plain; toward Mexico it is sympatric with R. indianolensis and R. gigantea, which also have crimped fruit. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 224. | FNA vol. 23, p. 209. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Phaeocephalum torreyanum | Schoenus corniculatus, Ceratoschoenus corniculatus, Ceratoschoenus longirostris, R. corniculata var. interior, Schoenus longirostris |
Name authority | A. Gray: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 197. (1835) | (Lamarck) A. Gray: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 205. (1835) |
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