Rhynchospora scirpoides |
Rhynchospora decurrens |
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long-beak beaksedge |
swampforest beaksedge |
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Habit | Plants annual, cespitose, (20–)30–80(–100) cm; rhizomes absent. | Plants perennial, cespitose, to 100 cm; rhizomes sometimes produced, short, not stoloniferous. |
Culms | erect or ascending, leafy, nearly terete or obscurely angular, many-ribbed, stiff. |
lax, erect to ascending-excurved, ± terete, leafy, slender, soft. |
Leaves | exceeding or exceeded by inflorescences; blades linear, proximally flat, 1–5 mm wide, apex trigonous, tapering. |
exceeded by inflorescence; blades erect or ascending, linear, proximally flat, 2–4 mm wide, apex trigonous, subulate, tapering. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, clusters of corymbs 1–5, diffuse, branches ascending to divaricate; leafy bracts much exceeding axillary corymbs. |
spikelet clusters 4–6, widely spaced, loose, broadly to narrowly turbinate, paniculate, branches capillary, ultimate branches with 1 or 2 spikelets; leafy bracts exceeding proximal clusters, setaceous. |
Spikelets | redbrown to dark brown, ovoidlanceoloid, 3–6(–7) mm, apex acute; fertile scales several, narrowly ovate, 2.5–3.5 mm, apex narrowly acute; midrib included or shortexcurrent. |
solitary or in 2s, brown, ovoid, 2.5–3.5 mm; fertile scales ovate, 1.5–2.2 mm, apex acute, apiculate. |
Flowers | perianth absent. |
perianth bristles 6, reaching tubercle base or slightly beyond, antrorsely barbellate. |
Fruits | 1.3–1.5 mm; body brown to blackish, tumidly lenticular, nearly orbicular, 0.6–1 × 0.6–1 mm, margins distinct, narrow, flowing into base of tubercle; tubercle flat, narrowly triangular, at least 0.5 mm high, base broadly 2-lobed, apex acuminate. |
2–3 per spikelet, 1.5–1.6(–1.8) mm; body brown or greenish, obovoid, lenticular, 1.1–1.2(–1.3) × 0.7–1 mm, margins narrow, distinct, sharp, flowing to tubercle; surfaces finely transversely wavyrugulose, intervals of fine, nearly isodiametric or vertical-rectangular pitlike alveolae; tubercle lowtriangular, entire, 0.3–0.4 mm. |
Rhynchospora scirpoides |
Rhynchospora decurrens |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall or all year (south). | Fruiting late spring–summer. |
Habitat | Moist to wet sands or peats of banks of streams and ditches, pond and lakeshores, depressions in savannas, marshes, often in moist to wet disturbed areas | Sandy alluvium of swamp forests and environs |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; CT; DE; FL; GA; IN; LA; MA; MD; MI; MS; NC; NJ; NY; RI; SC; TX; VA; WI; West Indies
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AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC |
Discussion | Rhynchospora decurrens superficially resembles R. mixta, with which it is often associated in swamp forests. Its narrower fruit bodies with less distinct transverse rugosity; the smaller, more numerous rows of finer, pitlike alveolae; and its broader, lower tubercles with non-setose edges all comprise consistent differences. The name decurrens is apt, calling attention to the narrow, wirelike pale margins that extend from tubercle base to near the base of the fruit body. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 217. | FNA vol. 23, p. 226. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Psilocarya scirpoides | Phaeocephalum decurrens |
Name authority | (Torrey) Grisebach: Cat. Pl. Cub., 247. (1866) | Chapman: Fl. South. U.S., 525. (1860) |
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