Rhynchospora pleiantha |
Rhynchospora capitellata |
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coastal beaksedge |
brownish beak-rush, brownish beaksedge, capitate beak rush, rhynchospore à petites têtes |
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Habit | Plants perennial, densely cespitose, 10–40(–53) cm; rhizomes stoloniferous, slender. | Plants perennial, cespitose, 20–100 cm; rhizomes absent. |
Culms | erect to excurved, leafybased, filiform. |
arching-ascending, leafy, obtusely trigonous, slender; principal leaves overtopped by inflorescence; blades flat, to 3 mm, apex tapering, trigonous. |
Leaves | shorter than culm; blades ascending to excurved, filiform, proximally to 1 mm wide, margins involute, apex trigonous, subulate, tapering. |
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Inflorescences | spikelet clusters 1–3, laterals 0–2, turbinate, rarely hemispheric; leafy bracts setaceous, overtopping inflorescence. |
terminal and axillary, clusters 1–5 or more, compact, turbinate or hemispheric, 1–1.5 cm wide; peduncles progressively shorter distally on culm; bracteal leaves mostly exceeding subtended compounds. |
Spikelets | redbrown, narrowly lanceoloid, 5–7 mm, apex acute; fertile scales lanceolate, 3.5–5 mm, apex acute, mucronate. |
rich deep brown, rarely pale brown, lanceellipsoid, 3.5–4(–5) mm; fertile scale elliptic, 2.7–3 mm, apex acute or rounded, midrib shortexcurrent or not. |
Flowers | perianth absent. |
perianth absent. |
Fruits | 2(–5) per spikelet, (1.7–)2–2.2 mm; body on short, setulose receptacular stipe, brown with pale center, obovoidlenticular, 0.8–1.1 mm, surfaces very finely longitudinally lined, sometimes faintly reticulatecancellate; tubercle triangular subulate, 0.7–0.9 mm, base lunate, edges setulose. |
(1–)2–3(–5) per spikelet, (2–)2.5–3 mm; body redbrown with pale central disc, stipitate, lenticular, obovoid, 1.2–1.5 × 0.7–1(–1.2) mm, margins pale, wirelike, surfaces slick; tubercle triangular-subulate, (0.8–)1–1.2(–1.6) mm. |
Rhynchospora pleiantha |
Rhynchospora capitellata |
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Phenology | Fruiting late spring–fall. | Fruiting summer–fall. |
Habitat | Sands and peats of pond shores and moist pine savannas, particularly in karst districts | Moist to wet meadows, swales, seeps, stream banks, flatwoods, fens, and bogs |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | 0–1600 m (0–5200 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; NC; West Indies (Cuba) |
AL; AR; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; QC
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Discussion | Rhynchospora capitellata occurs infrequently in the lower Gulf coastal plain (in Florida, only north) and intergrades with R. glomerata. Forms with antrorsely barbellate bristles are referred to forma controversa (S. F. Blake) Gale; those with smooth bristles are named forma discutiens (C. B. Clarke) Gale (S. Gale 1944). Occasional forms with trigonous fruits occur. Bruce Sorrie (pers. comm.) believes that many of the southern coastal plain records for Rhynchospora capitellata are based on examples of a neglected taxon, R. leptocarpa (Chapman) Small (J. K. Small 1933), and he wishes to reinstate it. Occurring in semi-shady moist sites in steepheads, or from seeps and shallows along blackwater streams, the plants are mostly distinguished by the tall, lax habit; the many distant, small clusters of light brown or tan spikelets; and the softer, more lax foliage. Measures of spikelets, fertile scales, perianth, achenes, and fruit tubercles show a strong overlap with those of southern examples of R. capitellata. The long, lax culm habit, the softer and paler foliage, and the paler spikelets could well be ecologic responses, or the plants could indeed represent a geographic variant. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 233. | FNA vol. 23, p. 210. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. filifolia var. pleiantha | Schoenus capitellatus, Phaeocephalum glomeratum var. minus, R. capitellata var. leptocarpa, R. capitellata var. minor, R. glomerata var. minor, R. leptocarpa |
Name authority | (Kükenthal) Gale: Rhodora 46: 171. (1944) | (Michaux) Vahl: Enum. Pl. 2: 235. (1805) |
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