Rhynchospora nivea |
Rhynchospora divergens |
|
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showy whitetop |
spreading beaksedge |
|
Habit | Plants perennial, cespitose, 10–40 cm, wiry; rhizomes absent. | Plants perennial, densely cespitose, 10–60 cm; rhizomes absent. |
Culms | erect to spreading-ascending, leafybased, trigonous or compressed, ribbed. |
erect or spreadingarching, linearfiliform, terete, leafy toward base. |
Leaves | exceeded by scape; blades narrowly linear to filiform, 0.2–2 mm wide, apex tapering, trigonous. |
overtopped by culm; blades ascending, filiform, 0.3–0.5 mm wide, margins deeply involute, then channeled, apex trigonous, setaceous. |
Inflorescences | terminal, solitary, headlike, dense, white, leafyinvolucrate, hemispheric to globose, 0.5–1.5 cm wide; involucral bracts (0–)1–4, ascending to recurved, green, (0.7–)2–5(–6) cm × 0.2–2 mm. |
spikelet clusters 1–2(–4), dense(–open), narrowly to broadly turbinate; branches capillary, variously elongate; leafy bracts setaceous, proximal exceeding clusters. |
Spikelets | white, ovoid, 5–7 mm; fertile scales several, boat-shaped, 2.5–3.5 mm, keel curved, not sharp. |
brownish, lanceellipsoid to fusiform, 2–2.5(–3) mm, apex acute; fertile scales broadly elliptic, 1.5 mm, apex narrowly rounded to broadly acute, apiculate, convexcupulate, midrib narrow, shortexcurrent or included. |
Flowers | perianth absent. |
perianth absent. |
Fruits | 0.8–1 mm; body yellow to near black, broadly pyriform-obovoid, tumidly lenticular, 0.5–0.8 × 0.5–0.8 mm, margin narrow, flowing into tubercle; surfaces transversely sharply wavyrugose, ridges bordered by rows of fine, linear, vertical lattices; tubercle depressedtriangular, lunate-based, shortbeaked 0.2(–0.3) mm, gray-crustaceous. |
1–3 or more per spikelet, (0.6–)0.7–0.9(–1) mm; body pale, glassy, obovoidlenticular, 0.6–0.7 × 0.4–0.5 mm, margins narrow, wirelike; surfaces finely striate, very finely reticulate; tubercle button depressedtriangular or patelliform, 0.1–0.15 mm, apiculate. |
Rhynchospora nivea |
Rhynchospora divergens |
|
Phenology | Fruiting spring–fall. | Fruiting summer–fall or all year (south). |
Habitat | Low, open, moist to wet, basic substrates of fens, meadows, seeps, and shores, limestone districts | Moist sands, peats, silts or clays of low meadows, bogs, flatwoods, sometimes seeps over calcareous rock |
Elevation | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) | 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) |
Distribution |
OK; TX |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; Central America; West Indies (Bahamas, Cuba, Dominican Republic) |
Discussion | Rhynchospora nivea, of the “Dichromena” of North America, is the smallest fruited and most slender and has the fewest and shortest involucral bracts (in some plants the bract is entirely absent). Involucral bracts of R. nivea are almost entirely green. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 216. | FNA vol. 23, p. 220. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Dichromena diphylla, Dichromena nivea | |
Name authority | Boeckeler: Linnaea 37: 527. (1872) | Chapman ex M. A. Curtis: Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 7: 409. (1849) |
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