Rhynchospora nitens |
Rhynchospora perplexa |
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short-beak beaksedge, shortbeak bald-rush |
pineland beaksedge |
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Habit | Plants annual, cespitose or solitary, (10–)20–100 cm; rhizomes absent. | Plants perennial, cespitose, 50–110 cm; rhizomes absent. |
Culms | erect, leafy, nearly terete or angled, manyribbed. |
lax, often excurved, slender, ± terete or trigonous. |
Leaves | ascending, exceeded by culm; blades linear, proximally flat, 1.5–2.5 mm wide, apex trigonous, subulate, tapering. |
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Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, clusters of corymbs 1–5, usually diffuse; leafy bracts exceeding proximal corymbs. |
clusters 3–4, widely spaced, narrowly, compactly, or diffusely turbinate; leafy bracts exceeding proximal clusters. |
Spikelets | dark brown, lanceoloid to ovoid, mostly 4–6(–8) mm, apex acute; fertile scales many, ovate, rounded-convex, 2–3.5 mm, apex acute, midrib mostly included, rarely forming apiculus. |
deep redbrown, ovoid to broadly ellipsoid, 2–3 mm, apex acute to acuminate; fertile scales broadly elliptic to obovate or orbiculate, 1.4–2(–2.5) mm, apex rounded to notched, midrib shortexcurrent. |
Flowers | perianth absent. |
perianth bristles 0–3, vestigial when present. |
Fruits | 1–1.3(–1.5) mm, body dark brown, tumidly lenticular, nearly orbicular, 0.7–1 × 0.7–1 mm, margins strong, interrupted at tubercle base; surfaces irregularly transversely rugulose with wavy rows of vertical, linear, raised cells; tubercle depressed-triangular, 0.1–0.3 mm, capping fruit summit, base broadly 2lobed. |
2–4 per spikelet, 1.5 mm; body pale brown to brown, strongly flattened, orbicular to broadly obovoid, 1–1.3 × 0.9–1.2 mm, surfaces sharply transversely wavyrugose, intervals finely vertically striate with rows of linearrectangular alveolae; tubercle depressed, triangular, flattened, 0.2–0.3 mm, base lunate. |
Principal | midculm leaves often exceeding inflorescences; blades linear, proximally flattened, 1–5 mm wide, apex trigonous, tapering. |
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Rhynchospora nitens |
Rhynchospora perplexa |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall or all year. | Fruiting late spring–fall or all year (south). |
Habitat | Moist to wet sands or peats of stream banks, pond shores, depressions in savannas, marshes | Sands and peats of pond and lakeshores, depressions in savannas and flatwoods, or seeps |
Elevation | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) | 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; DE; FL; GA; IN; LA; MA; MI; MS; NC; NJ; NY; SC; TX; VA; Central America; West Indies
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AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TN; TX; VA; Central America; West Indies (Cuba, Dominican Republic) |
Discussion | In habit and in shape, size, and color of spikelet, Rhynchospora perplexa strongly resembles R. microcarpa, a species with which it is commonly associated in the Coastal Plain. An examination of the fruit shows those of R. perplexa to be flattened, with fewer and much coarser transverse ridges, the intervals with very narrow vertical alveolae. The perianth in most instances is absent or rudimentary. Fruit of R. microcarpa is biconvex with more transverse ridges (eight or more), the intervals more coarsely alveolate; its perianth bristles are six, evident, extending at least halfway up the fruit body. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 217. | FNA vol. 23, p. 229. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Scirpus nitens, Isolepis nitens, Psilocarya nitens, Psilocarya rhynchosporoides | Phaeocephalum perplexum |
Name authority | (Vahl) A. Gray: Manual ed. 5, 568. (1867) | Britton: in J. K. Small, Fl. S.E. U.S., 197, 1328. (1903) |
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