Rhynchospora microcephala |
Rhynchospora nivea |
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smallhead beaksedge |
showy whitetop |
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Habit | Plants perennial, cespitose, 30–90 cm; rhizomes absent. | Plants perennial, cespitose, 10–40 cm, wiry; rhizomes absent. |
Culms | arching or erect, leafy, nearly terete, multiribbed, slender. |
erect to spreading-ascending, leafybased, trigonous or compressed, ribbed. |
Leaves | exceeded by scape; blades narrowly linear to filiform, 0.2–2 mm wide, apex tapering, trigonous. |
|
Inflorescences | spikelet clusters 2–6, mostly widely spaced; clusters dense, hemispheric to mostly spheroid, 0.5–1 cm thick. |
terminal, solitary, headlike, dense, white, leafyinvolucrate, hemispheric to globose, 0.5–1.5 cm wide; involucral bracts (0–)1–4, ascending to recurved, green, (0.7–)2–5(–6) cm × 0.2–2 mm. |
Spikelets | dark redbrown to dark brown, lanceovoid, (2–)2.5–3.5(–4) mm, apex acute; fertile scales elliptic, 2–3 mm, apex acute, midrib shortexcurrent or not. |
white, ovoid, 5–7 mm; fertile scales several, boat-shaped, 2.5–3.5 mm, keel curved, not sharp. |
Flowers | perianth bristles 6, reaching tubercle tip, retrorsely barbellate. |
perianth absent. |
Fruits | 1 per spikelet, 2.5–3 mm; body pale brown with light center, lenticular, obovoid distal to stipe, 1.1–1.5 × 0.9–1.1 mm, margins pale, wirelike, surfaces slick; tubercle triangularsubulate, 0.9–1.2(–1.5) mm, at least 0.5 mm wide at base. |
0.8–1 mm; body yellow to near black, broadly pyriform-obovoid, tumidly lenticular, 0.5–0.8 × 0.5–0.8 mm, margin narrow, flowing into tubercle; surfaces transversely sharply wavyrugose, ridges bordered by rows of fine, linear, vertical lattices; tubercle depressedtriangular, lunate-based, shortbeaked 0.2(–0.3) mm, gray-crustaceous. |
Principal | leaves overtopped by culm; blades linear, proximally flattened, 1–3 mm wide, apex tapering, trigonous. |
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Rhynchospora microcephala |
Rhynchospora nivea |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | Fruiting spring–fall. |
Habitat | Sands and sandy peats of savanna swales, pineland seeps, bogs, ditches, pond shores and banks | Low, open, moist to wet, basic substrates of fens, meadows, seeps, and shores, limestone districts |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; DC; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; SC; VA; West Indies (Cuba)
|
OK; TX |
Discussion | Rhynchospora nivea, of the “Dichromena” of North America, is the smallest fruited and most slender and has the fewest and shortest involucral bracts (in some plants the bract is entirely absent). Involucral bracts of R. nivea are almost entirely green. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 213. | FNA vol. 23, p. 216. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. axillaris var. microcephala, R. cephalantha var. microcephala | Dichromena diphylla, Dichromena nivea |
Name authority | (Britton) Britton ex Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 195. (1903) | Boeckeler: Linnaea 37: 527. (1872) |
Web links |