Rhynchospora microcephala |
Rhynchospora megaplumosa |
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smallhead beaksedge |
manatee beaksedge |
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Habit | Plants perennial, cespitose, 30–90 cm; rhizomes absent. | Plants perennial, cespitose, 20–90 cm, base pale brown to dark brown; rhizomes absent or compact, knotty, scaly. |
Culms | arching or erect, leafy, nearly terete, multiribbed, slender. |
erect to arching-ascending, leafy, wand-like. |
Leaves | mostly basal, few and increasingly distant upculm, shorter than scape; blades narrowly linear, concave proximally, (1–)2–3 mm wide, tapering and increasingly involute-sulcate proximally, margins scabrid, apex triquetrous, tip narrow but blunt. |
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Inflorescences | spikelet clusters 2–6, mostly widely spaced; clusters dense, hemispheric to mostly spheroid, 0.5–1 cm thick. |
clusters 1(–2), if 2 then close together, dense, broadly turbinate to hemispheric; primary leafy bracts linear, stiff, exceeding clusters. |
Spikelets | dark redbrown to dark brown, lanceovoid, (2–)2.5–3.5(–4) mm, apex acute; fertile scales elliptic, 2–3 mm, apex acute, midrib shortexcurrent or not. |
light brown, narrowly lanceoloid, 8–10 mm, apex acuminate; fertile scales lanceolate, convex, (6–)7–8 mm, apex narrowly acute, low midrib short-excurrent or not. |
Flowers | perianth bristles 6, reaching tubercle tip, retrorsely barbellate. |
perianth bristles 6, excurved, plumose from base to midbristle, 5–7.5 mm, antrorsely barbellate to tip. |
Fruits | 1 per spikelet, 2.5–3 mm; body pale brown with light center, lenticular, obovoid distal to stipe, 1.1–1.5 × 0.9–1.1 mm, margins pale, wirelike, surfaces slick; tubercle triangularsubulate, 0.9–1.2(–1.5) mm, at least 0.5 mm wide at base. |
1–2 per spikelet, 2.3–2.6 × 1.1–1.2 mm; body brown, short-stipitate, tumidly obovoid, subterete, 1.8–2 mm, margin low, broad; surfaces interruptedly transversely wavy-rugulose; tubercle broadly and concavely conic, 0.5–0.7 mm high, base shallowly 2-lobed, discoid, abruptly narrowed to blunt tip. |
Principal | leaves overtopped by culm; blades linear, proximally flattened, 1–3 mm wide, apex tapering, trigonous. |
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Rhynchospora microcephala |
Rhynchospora megaplumosa |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | Fruiting spring–fall or all year. |
Habitat | Sands and sandy peats of savanna swales, pineland seeps, bogs, ditches, pond shores and banks | Sands and sandy peats of pine flatwoods scrub and flatwoods-sandscrub transition |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | 0–50 m (0–200 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; DC; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; SC; VA; West Indies (Cuba)
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FL |
Discussion | Of conservation concern. Rhynchospora megaplumosa is local in central peninsular Florida. It often shares habitat with R. pineticola, and it is taxonomically nearest it in series Plumosae. Distinctive are the longer, paler, narrower spikelets, the longer fertile scales, and perianth bristles of R. megaplumosa. In fact, the perianth bristles of R. megaplumosa are the longest known in the series. While the bristles of all other Plumosae are erect, hugging the achene body, those of R. megaplumosa bend outward so strongly that they push away subtending scales; bristles are conspicuously exposed at maturity. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 213. | FNA vol. 23, p. 218. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. axillaris var. microcephala, R. cephalantha var. microcephala | |
Name authority | (Britton) Britton ex Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 195. (1903) | E. L. Bridges & Orzell: Lundellia 3: 20, fig. 1. (2000) |
Web links |