Rhynchospora microcephala |
Rhynchospora grayi |
|
---|---|---|
smallhead beaksedge |
Gray's beaksedge |
|
Habit | Plants perennial, cespitose, 30–90 cm; rhizomes absent. | Plants perennial, cespitose, 10–100 cm; rhizomes absent. |
Culms | arching or erect, leafy, nearly terete, multiribbed, slender. |
erect or excurved, leafy, obscurely trigonous, slender, firm. |
Leaves | shorter than culms; blades spreading to ascending, linear, proximally flat, 2–4 mm wide, apex involute, then trigonous, subulate. |
|
Inflorescences | spikelet clusters 2–6, mostly widely spaced; clusters dense, hemispheric to mostly spheroid, 0.5–1 cm thick. |
spikelet clusters 1–4, loose to dense, broadly turbinate, lobed or hemispheric; peduncles and branches ascending; leafy bracts exceeding proximal, sometimes distal, clusters. |
Spikelets | dark redbrown to dark brown, lanceovoid, (2–)2.5–3.5(–4) mm, apex acute; fertile scales elliptic, 2–3 mm, apex acute, midrib shortexcurrent or not. |
light redbrown, ellipsoid or narrowly ovoid, 4–5 mm, apex acute to acuminate; fertile scales broadly ovate, 3.5–4.5 mm, apex acute or acuminate, apiculate. |
Flowers | perianth bristles 6, reaching tubercle tip, retrorsely barbellate. |
perianth bristles mostly 6, reaching from fruit midbody to tubercle tip or beyond, antrorsely barbellate. |
Fruits | 1 per spikelet, 2.5–3 mm; body pale brown with light center, lenticular, obovoid distal to stipe, 1.1–1.5 × 0.9–1.1 mm, margins pale, wirelike, surfaces slick; tubercle triangularsubulate, 0.9–1.2(–1.5) mm, at least 0.5 mm wide at base. |
1(–2) per spikelet, 2.5–3 mm; body dark brown, broadly, tumidly obovoid, 2–2.5 × 2–2.5 mm, apically buttressed to tubercle; surfaces finely transversely rugulose or nearly level, with fine transverse rows of pits or low papillae, often appearing nearly smooth; tubercle lowconic, 0.4–0.6 mm, apiculate. |
Principal | leaves overtopped by culm; blades linear, proximally flattened, 1–3 mm wide, apex tapering, trigonous. |
|
Rhynchospora microcephala |
Rhynchospora grayi |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | Fruiting spring–summer. |
Habitat | Sands and sandy peats of savanna swales, pineland seeps, bogs, ditches, pond shores and banks | Sandy pinelands and sandhills, particularly in longleaf pine type |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; DC; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; SC; VA; West Indies (Cuba)
|
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; VA; West Indies
|
Discussion | Of all North American species of Rhynchospora, R. grayi appears best adapted to the xeric conditions found in the coarser sands of the longleaf pine-scrub oak–dominated yellow sandhills. Interestingly, it seems seldom to mix with its closest relative, R. megalocarpa, which is more often found in white sandhills. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 213. | FNA vol. 23, p. 230. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. axillaris var. microcephala, R. cephalantha var. microcephala | Phaeocephalum grayi, R. distans, R. elliottii, Schoenus distans, Schoenus fuscus |
Name authority | (Britton) Britton ex Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 195. (1903) | Kunth: Enum. Pl. 2: 539. (1837) |
Web links |