Rhynchospora macrostachya |
Rhynchospora megalocarpa |
|
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tall beaksedge, tall horned beaksedge |
sandyfield beaksedge |
|
Habit | Plants perennial, cespitose, 80–150(–170) cm, coarse; rhizomes absent. | Plants perennial, cespitose, to 130 cm, coarse; rhizomes scaly, stoloniferous, stout. |
Culms | stiffly erect, leafy, triangular, multiribbed. |
erect to arching, leafy, trigonous, slender, firm. |
Leaves | ascending, overtopped by inflorescence; blades flat proximally, 3–10(–15) mm wide, apex attenuate, trigonous. |
overtopped by culms; blades linear, proximally flat, 3–7 mm wide, apex trigonous, subulate, tapering. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary, narrow, clusters of corymbs, clusters dense, mostly broadly turbinate, 13–15 mm; bracteal leaves mostly exceeding subtended compounds. |
spikelet clusters 2–6, sparse, widely spaced, turbinate; peduncles and branches ascending; leafy bracts exceeding proximal clusters. |
Spikelets | brown, lanceoloid, 13–15 mm, apex acuminate; fertile scales lanceolate, 10–13 mm, apex acuminate, midrib shortexcurrent. |
light redbrown, ovoid to ellipsoid, (4–)5–8(–9) mm, apex acute or acuminate; fertile scales ovate, (5.5–)6–6.5(–7) mm, midrib included or shortexcurrent. |
Flowers | longer perianth bristles usually fully 2 times length of fruit body, antrorsely barbellate. |
perianth bristles 6(–8), mostly reaching from fruit midbody to tubercle base, antrorsely barbellate. |
Fruits | 1–2 per spikelet, 20–25 mm; body pyriformobovoid, compressed, 5–6 × 2.6–3.6 mm; tubercle attenuate, 2-grooved, (15–)18–20(–21) mm. |
1–2 per spikelet, (3.5–)4–5 mm; body dark brown to mahogany or nearly black, broadly obovoid, tumid, nearly smooth, buttressed to tubercle; tubercle lowconic, rimmed, 0.7(–1) mm, apex apiculate. |
2n | = 18. |
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Rhynchospora macrostachya |
Rhynchospora megalocarpa |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | Fruiting summer–fall. |
Habitat | Acidic sunny wetlands, mostly pond shores, seeps, bogs, marshlands | White or yellow sandhills |
Elevation | 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) | 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MO; NC; NJ; NY; OK; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA
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AL; FL; GA; MS; NC; SC
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Discussion | Rhynchospora macrostachya is quickly distinguished from other species of its complex by more compact clusters, arranged on successive mid and distal nodes to present a narrow inflorescence outline. Its perianth bristles and fruit tubercles are the longest in the complex, probably in the entire genus. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The perianth in Rhynchospora megalocarpa is unusual. The receptacular joint is stubby, bearing staggered cycles of bristles that vary extremely in length and number—on a par with R. alba, R. baldwinii, and R. macra in numbers of bristles. The greatest extreme is twelve, the fewest as low as two; usually if the number is low, the remaining sites for bristles will be dark-colored nubbins. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 209. | FNA vol. 23, p. 230. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Ceratoschoenus macrostachyus, R. macrostachya var. colpophylla | Phaeocephalum dodecandrum, R. dodecrandra, R. pycnocarpa |
Name authority | Torrey ex A. Gray: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 206. (1835) | A. Gray: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 208. (1835) |
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