Rhynchospora latifolia |
Rhynchospora microcephala |
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sandswamp whitetop |
smallhead beaksedge |
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Habit | Plants perennial, cespitose or solitary, to 100 cm; rhizomes scaly, 3–4 mm thick. | Plants perennial, cespitose, 30–90 cm; rhizomes absent. |
Culms | arching or erect, leafy-based, distally wandlike, terete, multiribbed. |
arching or erect, leafy, nearly terete, multiribbed, slender. |
Leaves | ascending to spreading, overtopped by scape; blades linear, proximally flat, 2.5–5 mm wide, apex subulate, trigonous. |
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Inflorescences | terminal, headlike clusters of spikelets, clusters dense, leafy-involucrate; involucral bracts several, spreading to downcurved, longest 6–13 cm × 5–10 mm, mostly white to midbract, then green, abruptly narrowly linear. |
spikelet clusters 2–6, mostly widely spaced; clusters dense, hemispheric to mostly spheroid, 0.5–1 cm thick. |
Spikelets | white, ovoid, 5–7 mm; fertile scales boatshaped, sharply curved-keeled, 5 mm, apex acute. |
dark redbrown to dark brown, lanceovoid, (2–)2.5–3.5(–4) mm, apex acute; fertile scales elliptic, 2–3 mm, apex acute, midrib shortexcurrent or not. |
Flowers | perianth absent. |
perianth bristles 6, reaching tubercle tip, retrorsely barbellate. |
Fruits | several per spikelet, 1.5–2 mm; body yellowish to deep brown, tumidly lenticular, broadly obovoid to orbicular or oblate, 1.5 mm, widest at or toward midbody, margins flowing to tubercle; surfaces with many fine rows of vertical shallow lattices, their contiguous ends making transverse rows of papillae; tubercle crescent-based, depressed-triangular, 0.5 mm, apex acute. |
1 per spikelet, 2.5–3 mm; body pale brown with light center, lenticular, obovoid distal to stipe, 1.1–1.5 × 0.9–1.1 mm, margins pale, wirelike, surfaces slick; tubercle triangularsubulate, 0.9–1.2(–1.5) mm, at least 0.5 mm wide at base. |
Principal | leaves overtopped by culm; blades linear, proximally flattened, 1–3 mm wide, apex tapering, trigonous. |
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2n | = 12. |
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Rhynchospora latifolia |
Rhynchospora microcephala |
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Phenology | Fruiting late spring–summer. | Fruiting summer–fall. |
Habitat | Sands and peats of bogs in pine savannas and flatwoods | Sands and sandy peats of savanna swales, pineland seeps, bogs, ditches, pond shores and banks |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX
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AL; DC; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; SC; VA; West Indies (Cuba)
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Discussion | A specimen collected near Tullahoma, Tennessee, reported as Dichromena latifolia (A. Gattinger 1901), was later destroyed by fire. I did not see the specimen, nor was a description of it published. Because extant populations of the similar Rhynchospora colorata are just over the border in Alabama, that species is likely to have been the one found by Gattinger. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 23. | FNA vol. 23, p. 213. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Dichromena latifolia, R. stellata var. latifolia | R. axillaris var. microcephala, R. cephalantha var. microcephala |
Name authority | (Baldwin) W. W. Thomas: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 37: 86. (1984) | (Britton) Britton ex Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 195. (1903) |
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