Rhynchospora latifolia |
Rhynchospora colorata |
|
---|---|---|
sandswamp whitetop |
starrush whitetop, white star sedge |
|
Habit | Plants perennial, cespitose or solitary, to 100 cm; rhizomes scaly, 3–4 mm thick. | Plants perennial, cespitose or solitary, to 70 cm; rhizomes slender, scaly, to 2 mm thick. |
Culms | arching or erect, leafy-based, distally wandlike, terete, multiribbed. |
erect, slender, leafy-based, trigonous, several-ribbed. |
Leaves | ascending to spreading, overtopped by scape; blades linear, proximally flat, 2.5–5 mm wide, apex subulate, trigonous. |
spreading to erect, overtopped by culm; blades narrowly linear, proximally flattened, 0.5–3 mm wide, apex tapering, trigonous. |
Inflorescences | terminal, headlike clusters of spikelets, clusters dense, leafy-involucrate; involucral bracts several, spreading to downcurved, longest 6–13 cm × 5–10 mm, mostly white to midbract, then green, abruptly narrowly linear. |
terminal, solitary, headlike, dense, white, leafy-involucrate; involucral bracts several, flaring to recurved, white from broadened base nearly to median, then green to tapered tip, longer bracts 13 cm × 2–7 mm. |
Spikelets | white, ovoid, 5–7 mm; fertile scales boatshaped, sharply curved-keeled, 5 mm, apex acute. |
white, ovoid, 5–7 mm, apex acute; fertile scales many, boatshaped, sharply curvedkeeled, 3–4(–5) mm, apex acute or blunt. |
Flowers | perianth absent. |
perianth absent. |
Fruits | several per spikelet, 1.5–2 mm; body yellowish to deep brown, tumidly lenticular, broadly obovoid to orbicular or oblate, 1.5 mm, widest at or toward midbody, margins flowing to tubercle; surfaces with many fine rows of vertical shallow lattices, their contiguous ends making transverse rows of papillae; tubercle crescent-based, depressed-triangular, 0.5 mm, apex acute. |
several per spikelet, 1.5–1.7(–2) mm; body yellow to mahogany, broadly pyriformobovoid, tumidly lenticular, 1 × 0.5–0.7 mm, widest at apex, margins thickened, interrupted at base of tubercle; surfaces transversely undulaterugose, ridges contiguous, of shortlinear papillae; tubercle broadly triangular, 0.5–0.6 mm, graycrustaceous, apex short acuminate. |
2n | = 12. |
= 12. |
Rhynchospora latifolia |
Rhynchospora colorata |
|
Phenology | Fruiting late spring–summer. | Fruiting late spring–summer. |
Habitat | Sands and peats of bogs in pine savannas and flatwoods | Sands, peats, and silt of interdunal swales, shores, meadowy swales, and marsh edges, sometimes fens, usually on circumneutral or basic substrates |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX
|
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; VA; Mexico; Central America; West Indies; South America (French Guiana)
|
Discussion | A specimen collected near Tullahoma, Tennessee, reported as Dichromena latifolia (A. Gattinger 1901), was later destroyed by fire. I did not see the specimen, nor was a description of it published. Because extant populations of the similar Rhynchospora colorata are just over the border in Alabama, that species is likely to have been the one found by Gattinger. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rhynchospora colorata is a slender and clonal version of R. latifolia, with a distinct preference for more basic substrates; involucral bracts are very slender and have a longer portion of green, usually reaching well proximal to midbract. See also 16. Rhynchospora latifolia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23. | FNA vol. 23, p. 215. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Dichromena latifolia, R. stellata var. latifolia | Schoenus coloratus, Dichromena cephalotes, Dichromena colorata, Dichromena leucocephala, R. drummondiana, Scirpus cephalotes |
Name authority | (Baldwin) W. W. Thomas: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 37: 86. (1984) | (Linnaeus) H. Pfeiffer: Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 38: 89. (1935) |
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