Rhynchospora latifolia |
Rhynchospora chapmanii |
|
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sandswamp whitetop |
Chapman's beaksedge |
|
Habit | Plants perennial, cespitose or solitary, to 100 cm; rhizomes scaly, 3–4 mm thick. | Plants perennial, densely cespitose, 30–50(–70) cm; rhizomes absent. |
Culms | arching or erect, leafy-based, distally wandlike, terete, multiribbed. |
erect to excurved, filiform, leafy, stiff to lax. |
Leaves | ascending to spreading, overtopped by scape; blades linear, proximally flat, 2.5–5 mm wide, apex subulate, trigonous. |
mostly slightly exceeded by culm; blades ± filiform, proximally flat to concave, distally tapering, to 1 mm wide, margins involute, apex trigonous, subulate. |
Inflorescences | terminal, headlike clusters of spikelets, clusters dense, leafy-involucrate; involucral bracts several, spreading to downcurved, longest 6–13 cm × 5–10 mm, mostly white to midbract, then green, abruptly narrowly linear. |
terminal; spikelet clusters 1(–2), dense, broadly turbinate to hemispheric; longer leafy bracts 1–2(–several), setaceous, overtopping inflorescence. |
Spikelets | white, ovoid, 5–7 mm; fertile scales boatshaped, sharply curved-keeled, 5 mm, apex acute. |
light brown, narrowly ovoid, 2–2.5(–3) mm, apex acute or acuminate; fertile scales 1.5–2(–2.5) mm, apex acute, midrib excurrent as cusp or awn 0.5–0.9 mm. |
Flowers | perianth absent. |
bristles absent, rarely reduced to nubbins, or rarely 1, then shorter than fruit body. |
Fruits | several per spikelet, 1.5–2 mm; body yellowish to deep brown, tumidly lenticular, broadly obovoid to orbicular or oblate, 1.5 mm, widest at or toward midbody, margins flowing to tubercle; surfaces with many fine rows of vertical shallow lattices, their contiguous ends making transverse rows of papillae; tubercle crescent-based, depressed-triangular, 0.5 mm, apex acute. |
1 per spikelet, 1–1.8 mm; body with dark brown ends, broad pale midzone, lenticular, ± orbicular, 1–1.2 × 0.8–1 mm, surfaces smooth; margins sharp, flowing to tubercle; tubercle lowtriangular, 0.2–0.3(–0.5) mm, sometimes apiculate. |
2n | = 12. |
|
Rhynchospora latifolia |
Rhynchospora chapmanii |
|
Phenology | Fruiting late spring–summer. | Fruiting summer–fall; |
Habitat | Sands and peats of bogs in pine savannas and flatwoods | |
Elevation | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) | 0–200 m (0–700 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX
|
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC
|
Discussion | A specimen collected near Tullahoma, Tennessee, reported as Dichromena latifolia (A. Gattinger 1901), was later destroyed by fire. I did not see the specimen, nor was a description of it published. Because extant populations of the similar Rhynchospora colorata are just over the border in Alabama, that species is likely to have been the one found by Gattinger. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rhynchospora chapmanii is a frequent invader of logged or otherwise disturbed pine savannas, often an aspect dominant. Its pale inflorescences are conspicuous masses in autumn. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23. | FNA vol. 23, p. 234. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Dichromena latifolia, R. stellata var. latifolia | Phaeocephalum chapmanii |
Name authority | (Baldwin) W. W. Thomas: Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 37: 86. (1984) | M. A. Curtis: Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 7: 409. (1849) |
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