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inundated beakrush, narrow-fruit beaksedge, narrowfruit horned beaksedge

smallhead beaksedge

Habit Plants perennial, clonal, 50–100 cm; rhizomes slender, scaly, to 2 mm thick. Plants perennial, cespitose, 30–90 cm; rhizomes absent.
Culms

stiffly erect, leafy, triangular, multiribbed.

arching or erect, leafy, nearly terete, multiribbed, slender.

Leaves

erect, distal ones overtopping inflorescence;

principal blades flat proximally, trigonous distally, 3–10 mm wide, apex attenuate.

Inflorescences

terminal and axillary, clusters of corymbs (1–)2–3, open, spikelet clusters loose;

bracteal leaves mostly overtopping corymbs.

spikelet clusters 2–6, mostly widely spaced;

clusters dense, hemispheric to mostly spheroid, 0.5–1 cm thick.

Spikelets

pale redbrown, narrowly lanceoloid, (9–)11–14 mm, apex acuminate;

fertile scales lanceolate, 9–13 mm, apex acuminate, midrib shortexcurrent or not.

dark redbrown to dark brown, lanceovoid, (2–)2.5–3.5(–4) mm, apex acute;

fertile scales elliptic, 2–3 mm, apex acute, midrib shortexcurrent or not.

Flowers

perianth bristles 5–6, extending at least 5 mm beyond tubercle base, antrorsely barbellate.

perianth bristles 6, reaching tubercle tip, retrorsely barbellate.

Fruits

1–2 per spikelet, 15–20 mm;

body stipitate, obovoid to oblong, compressed, 4–5 × 2–3 mm, margins thick;

surfaces concave, horizontally finely striate, minutely cancellate;

tubercle stoutbased, grooved, subulate, 10–15 mm, setulose.

1 per spikelet, 2.5–3 mm;

body pale brown with light center, lenticular, obovoid distal to stipe, 1.1–1.5 × 0.9–1.1 mm, margins pale, wirelike, surfaces slick;

tubercle triangularsubulate, 0.9–1.2(–1.5) mm, at least 0.5 mm wide at base.

Principal

leaves overtopped by culm;

blades linear, proximally flattened, 1–3 mm wide, apex tapering, trigonous.

Rhynchospora inundata

Rhynchospora microcephala

Phenology Fruiting summer–fall. Fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat Emergent in shallows of savanna ponds, interdunal pools Sands and sandy peats of savanna swales, pineland seeps, bogs, ditches, pond shores and banks
Elevation 0–100 m (0–300 ft) 0–200 m (0–700 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; DE; FL; GA; LA; MA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; NY; RI; SC; VA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; DC; DE; FL; GA; LA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; SC; VA; West Indies (Cuba)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Rhynchospora inundata is largely confined to lower Coastal Plain terraces, mostly along the present coast. Typical plants have narrow fruit bodies and narrow inflorescences of sparse clusters, well overtopped by leaves and erect leafy bracts. By contrast, plants of R. careyana have broader fruits, shorter perianths, and larger, broader inflorescences that overtop most or all leaves and bracts. In general, plants of R. careyana are more robust and grow in more acid sites than those of R. inundata. Southward in the Atlantic Coastal and Gulf Coastal plains are broad areas of ecotone where the two species intergrade.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 23, p. 208. FNA vol. 23, p. 213.
Parent taxa Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora
Sibling taxa
R. alba, R. baldwinii, R. brachychaeta, R. breviseta, R. caduca, R. californica, R. capillacea, R. capitellata, R. careyana, R. cephalantha, R. chalarocephala, R. chapmanii, R. ciliaris, R. colorata, R. compressa, R. corniculata, R. crinipes, R. curtissii, R. debilis, R. decurrens, R. divergens, R. elliottii, R. eximia, R. fascicularis, R. fernaldii, R. filifolia, R. floridensis, R. fusca, R. globularis, R. glomerata, R. gracilenta, R. grayi, R. harperi, R. harveyi, R. indianolensis, R. inexpansa, R. knieskernii, R. kunthii, R. latifolia, R. macra, R. macrostachya, R. megalocarpa, R. megaplumosa, R. microcarpa, R. microcephala, R. miliacea, R. mixta, R. nitens, R. nivea, R. odorata, R. oligantha, R. pallida, R. perplexa, R. pineticola, R. pleiantha, R. plumosa, R. punctata, R. pusilla, R. rariflora, R. recognita, R. scirpoides, R. solitaria, R. stenophylla, R. thornei, R. torreyana, R. tracyi, R. wrightiana
R. alba, R. baldwinii, R. brachychaeta, R. breviseta, R. caduca, R. californica, R. capillacea, R. capitellata, R. careyana, R. cephalantha, R. chalarocephala, R. chapmanii, R. ciliaris, R. colorata, R. compressa, R. corniculata, R. crinipes, R. curtissii, R. debilis, R. decurrens, R. divergens, R. elliottii, R. eximia, R. fascicularis, R. fernaldii, R. filifolia, R. floridensis, R. fusca, R. globularis, R. glomerata, R. gracilenta, R. grayi, R. harperi, R. harveyi, R. indianolensis, R. inexpansa, R. inundata, R. knieskernii, R. kunthii, R. latifolia, R. macra, R. macrostachya, R. megalocarpa, R. megaplumosa, R. microcarpa, R. miliacea, R. mixta, R. nitens, R. nivea, R. odorata, R. oligantha, R. pallida, R. perplexa, R. pineticola, R. pleiantha, R. plumosa, R. punctata, R. pusilla, R. rariflora, R. recognita, R. scirpoides, R. solitaria, R. stenophylla, R. thornei, R. torreyana, R. tracyi, R. wrightiana
Synonyms Ceratoschoenus macrostachyus var. inundatus, R. macrostachya var. inundata R. axillaris var. microcephala, R. cephalantha var. microcephala
Name authority (Oakes) Fernald: Rhodora 20: 139. (1918) (Britton) Britton ex Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 195. (1903)
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