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inundated beakrush, narrow-fruit beaksedge, narrowfruit horned beaksedge

large beaksedge

Habit Plants perennial, clonal, 50–100 cm; rhizomes slender, scaly, to 2 mm thick. Plants perennial, cespitose, 40–80 cm; rhizomes absent.
Culms

stiffly erect, leafy, triangular, multiribbed.

erect, trigonous, multiribbed, rather stiff.

Leaves

erect, distal ones overtopping inflorescence;

principal blades flat proximally, trigonous distally, 3–10 mm wide, apex attenuate.

Inflorescences

terminal and axillary, clusters of corymbs (1–)2–3, open, spikelet clusters loose;

bracteal leaves mostly overtopping corymbs.

spikelet clusters 1–3, turbinate to hemispheric, 1.5–3 cm wide; subtending leafy bracts mostly exceeded by distal compound.

Spikelets

pale redbrown, narrowly lanceoloid, (9–)11–14 mm, apex acuminate;

fertile scales lanceolate, 9–13 mm, apex acuminate, midrib shortexcurrent or not.

pale brown to nearly white, fusiform, 4–5(–7) mm, apex narrowly acute;

fertile scales elliptic, 3.5–4 mm, apex narrowly acute, midrib excurrent as mucro.

Flowers

perianth bristles 5–6, extending at least 5 mm beyond tubercle base, antrorsely barbellate.

perianth bristles (15–)18–20, reaching tubercle tip, retrorsely barbellate.

Fruits

1–2 per spikelet, 15–20 mm;

body stipitate, obovoid to oblong, compressed, 4–5 × 2–3 mm, margins thick;

surfaces concave, horizontally finely striate, minutely cancellate;

tubercle stoutbased, grooved, subulate, 10–15 mm, setulose.

1 per spikelet, 2.5–3.2 mm;

body brown with pale center, obovoid distal to short stipe, lenticular, 1.7–2.2 × 0.8–1.5, margins narrow, wirelike, flowing into tubercle edges;

tubercle flat, narrowly triangular-subulate, 0.8–1 mm.

Principal

leaves overtopped by culm;

blades narrowly linear, proximally flat, (1.5–)2–3.5 mm wide, apex tapering, trigonous.

Rhynchospora inundata

Rhynchospora macra

Phenology Fruiting summer–fall. Fruiting late summer–fall.
Habitat Emergent in shallows of savanna ponds, interdunal pools Sands and sandy peats of savanna bogs and seeps, pinelands
Elevation 0–100 m (0–300 ft) 0–200 m (0–700 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; DE; FL; GA; LA; MA; MD; MS; NC; NJ; NY; RI; SC; VA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; Central America (Nicaragua)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Rhynchospora inundata is largely confined to lower Coastal Plain terraces, mostly along the present coast. Typical plants have narrow fruit bodies and narrow inflorescences of sparse clusters, well overtopped by leaves and erect leafy bracts. By contrast, plants of R. careyana have broader fruits, shorter perianths, and larger, broader inflorescences that overtop most or all leaves and bracts. In general, plants of R. careyana are more robust and grow in more acid sites than those of R. inundata. Southward in the Atlantic Coastal and Gulf Coastal plains are broad areas of ecotone where the two species intergrade.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 23, p. 208. FNA vol. 23, p. 214.
Parent taxa Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora
Sibling taxa
R. alba, R. baldwinii, R. brachychaeta, R. breviseta, R. caduca, R. californica, R. capillacea, R. capitellata, R. careyana, R. cephalantha, R. chalarocephala, R. chapmanii, R. ciliaris, R. colorata, R. compressa, R. corniculata, R. crinipes, R. curtissii, R. debilis, R. decurrens, R. divergens, R. elliottii, R. eximia, R. fascicularis, R. fernaldii, R. filifolia, R. floridensis, R. fusca, R. globularis, R. glomerata, R. gracilenta, R. grayi, R. harperi, R. harveyi, R. indianolensis, R. inexpansa, R. knieskernii, R. kunthii, R. latifolia, R. macra, R. macrostachya, R. megalocarpa, R. megaplumosa, R. microcarpa, R. microcephala, R. miliacea, R. mixta, R. nitens, R. nivea, R. odorata, R. oligantha, R. pallida, R. perplexa, R. pineticola, R. pleiantha, R. plumosa, R. punctata, R. pusilla, R. rariflora, R. recognita, R. scirpoides, R. solitaria, R. stenophylla, R. thornei, R. torreyana, R. tracyi, R. wrightiana
R. alba, R. baldwinii, R. brachychaeta, R. breviseta, R. caduca, R. californica, R. capillacea, R. capitellata, R. careyana, R. cephalantha, R. chalarocephala, R. chapmanii, R. ciliaris, R. colorata, R. compressa, R. corniculata, R. crinipes, R. curtissii, R. debilis, R. decurrens, R. divergens, R. elliottii, R. eximia, R. fascicularis, R. fernaldii, R. filifolia, R. floridensis, R. fusca, R. globularis, R. glomerata, R. gracilenta, R. grayi, R. harperi, R. harveyi, R. indianolensis, R. inexpansa, R. inundata, R. knieskernii, R. kunthii, R. latifolia, R. macrostachya, R. megalocarpa, R. megaplumosa, R. microcarpa, R. microcephala, R. miliacea, R. mixta, R. nitens, R. nivea, R. odorata, R. oligantha, R. pallida, R. perplexa, R. pineticola, R. pleiantha, R. plumosa, R. punctata, R. pusilla, R. rariflora, R. recognita, R. scirpoides, R. solitaria, R. stenophylla, R. thornei, R. torreyana, R. tracyi, R. wrightiana
Synonyms Ceratoschoenus macrostachyus var. inundatus, R. macrostachya var. inundata R. alba var. macra, Phaeocephalum album var. macrum, Triodon albus var. macer
Name authority (Oakes) Fernald: Rhodora 20: 139. (1918) (C. B. Clarke ex Britton) Small: Man. S.E. Fl., 180. (1933)
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