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Harvey's beaksedge

broadfruit horned beaksedge

Habit Plants perennial, cespitose, 70–110 cm; rhizomes absent. Plants perennial, cespitose, also strongly clonal, 80–150 cm; rhizomes stoloniferous, scaly, 3–4 mm thick.
Culms

erect to excurved, leafy, obscurely trigonous, slender.

stiffly erect, leafy, triangular, multiribbed.

Leaves

spreading to ascending, shorter than culm, crowded toward culm base;

blades linear, proximally flat, 1–3 mm wide, gradually involute, apically trigonous, subulate.

ascending, overtopped by inflorescence;

principal leaves flat proximally, 3–12 mm wide, apex attenuate, trigonous.

Inflorescences

spikelet clusters 1–4, dense to open, mostly irregularly turbinate;

peduncles ascending, branches spreading to erect, ultimate branches with many spikelets; leafy bracts setaceoustipped, usually exceeding all clusters, or at least all but the distal.

terminal and axillary from distal culm nodes, mostly diffuse clusters of corymbs;

clusters mostly loose;

bracteal leaves usually exceeded by inflorescences.

Spikelets

light redbrown or brown, broadly ellipsoid to lanceoloid, 3–4 mm, apex acute to acuminate;

fertile scales ovate to obovate or suborbiculate, 2–3.5 mm apex acute to rounded or emarginate, midrib included or exserted as mucro.

red-brown or orangish tint, lanceoloid, 13–18 mm, apex acuminate;

fertile scales lance-ovate, 10–13 mm, apex acute to acuminate, midrib short-excurrent, minutely scabrous.

Flowers

perianth bristles mostly 6, rarely reaching fruit midbody, antrorsely barbellate.

longer perianth bristles extending from near tubercle base to 3 mm beyond, antrorsely barbellate.

Fruits

mostly 1 per spikelet, 2–2.5 mm, body dark brown, obovoid to subglobose, tumid or lenticular, 1.5–1.7 mm, transversely finely rugose to nearly level, intervals with very small, pitlike alveoli.

1–2 per spikelet, 15–24 mm;

body pyriform-obovoid, compressed, 4–5 × 2.8–3.5 mm, margins thick;

surfaces concave, finely transversely striate, minutely cancellate;

tubercle abruptly subulate, 2-grooved, 11–20 mm.

Rhynchospora harveyi

Rhynchospora careyana

Phenology Fruiting summer–fall.
Habitat Emergent in pond, lake, and river shallows, mostly acid substrates
Elevation 0–200 m (0–700 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; KS; LA; MO; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA; se United States; Midwestern
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; DE; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; NJ; SC; West Indies (Cuba, Jamaica)
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Rhynchospora careyana forms clones as extensive as those of R. tracyi and R. inundata and is often found over acres of pond shallows and wet savanna, often sharing the habitat with R. traceyi. A most interesting and distinctive field feature for R. careyana is the orange tint of its spikelets.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Fruit body broadly obovoid to suborbicular, medially with mostly isodiametric tiny alveoli or pits, or minutely raised reticulate in an almost honeycomb pattern of alveolae, or simply evenly finely cancellate; ultimate spikelet complexes with clusters on stiffish branchlets, usually dense and exceeded at least by subulate tips of subtending leafy bract and bractlets.
var. harveyi
1. Fruit body obovoid, lenticular, medially with oblong or roundish pitlike alveoli, intervals between contiguous transverse rows forming shallow, broad, pale, smooth ridges; ultimate spikelet clusters more sparse, on more slender, lax, erect to excurved branches and exceeding subtending bracts and bractlets.
var. culixa
Source FNA vol. 23, p. 231. FNA vol. 23, p. 209.
Parent taxa Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora
Sibling taxa
R. alba, R. baldwinii, R. brachychaeta, R. breviseta, R. caduca, R. californica, R. capillacea, R. capitellata, R. careyana, R. cephalantha, R. chalarocephala, R. chapmanii, R. ciliaris, R. colorata, R. compressa, R. corniculata, R. crinipes, R. curtissii, R. debilis, R. decurrens, R. divergens, R. elliottii, R. eximia, R. fascicularis, R. fernaldii, R. filifolia, R. floridensis, R. fusca, R. globularis, R. glomerata, R. gracilenta, R. grayi, R. harperi, R. indianolensis, R. inexpansa, R. inundata, R. knieskernii, R. kunthii, R. latifolia, R. macra, R. macrostachya, R. megalocarpa, R. megaplumosa, R. microcarpa, R. microcephala, R. miliacea, R. mixta, R. nitens, R. nivea, R. odorata, R. oligantha, R. pallida, R. perplexa, R. pineticola, R. pleiantha, R. plumosa, R. punctata, R. pusilla, R. rariflora, R. recognita, R. scirpoides, R. solitaria, R. stenophylla, R. thornei, R. torreyana, R. tracyi, R. wrightiana
R. alba, R. baldwinii, R. brachychaeta, R. breviseta, R. caduca, R. californica, R. capillacea, R. capitellata, R. cephalantha, R. chalarocephala, R. chapmanii, R. ciliaris, R. colorata, R. compressa, R. corniculata, R. crinipes, R. curtissii, R. debilis, R. decurrens, R. divergens, R. elliottii, R. eximia, R. fascicularis, R. fernaldii, R. filifolia, R. floridensis, R. fusca, R. globularis, R. glomerata, R. gracilenta, R. grayi, R. harperi, R. harveyi, R. indianolensis, R. inexpansa, R. inundata, R. knieskernii, R. kunthii, R. latifolia, R. macra, R. macrostachya, R. megalocarpa, R. megaplumosa, R. microcarpa, R. microcephala, R. miliacea, R. mixta, R. nitens, R. nivea, R. odorata, R. oligantha, R. pallida, R. perplexa, R. pineticola, R. pleiantha, R. plumosa, R. punctata, R. pusilla, R. rariflora, R. recognita, R. scirpoides, R. solitaria, R. stenophylla, R. thornei, R. torreyana, R. tracyi, R. wrightiana
Subordinate taxa
R. harveyi var. culixa, R. harveyi var. harveyi
Synonyms Ceratoschoenus macrostachys var. patulus, R. corniculata var. patula
Name authority W. Boott: Bot. Gaz. 9: 85. (1884) Fernald: Rhodora 20: 140. (1918)
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