Rhynchospora fusca |
Rhynchospora brachychaeta |
|
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brown beaksedge, rhynchospore brun |
West Indian beaksedge |
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Habit | Plants perennial, cespitose, 10–50 cm; rhizomes stoloniferous, slender. | Plants perennial, densely cespitose, 20–50 cm; rhizomes absent. |
Culms | erect to excurved, filiform, leafy, ± terete. |
erect to excurved, lax, filiform, leafy, ± terete. |
Leaves | shorter than culm; blades ascending, filiform, proximally to 1.5(–2)mm wide, apex trigonous, tapering, setaceous. |
exceeded by culm, ascending; blades filiform, ± terete, margins strongly involute, apex trigonous, sulcate, tapering. |
Inflorescences | lateral spikelet clusters (0–)1–2, distant, terminal cluster ellipsoid to broadly turbinate or hemispheric, branches ascending; leafy bracts setaceous, overtopping clusters. |
spikelet clusters mostly 2–3, sparse to dense, oblong to broadly or narrowly turbinate; leafy bracts setaceous, exceeding clusters. |
Spikelets | red-brown to deep brown, lanceoloid, (4–)5–6(–7) mm, apex acute; fertile scales lanceolate, 4–5(–6) mm, apex acuminate, midrib often excurrent as awn. |
pale redbrown, lanceoloid, 3–3.5 mm, apex acute; fertile scales mostly elliptic, 2–2.5 mm, apex acute, sometimes apiculate. |
Flowers | bristles 5–6, longest reaching at least past tubercle base, mostly to tip or beyond, antrorsely barbellate. |
bristles mere nubs or 1–2, to 0.3 mm. |
Fruits | 2(–3) per spikelet, (2.3–)2.5–2.6(–3) mm with pedicellar joint, receptacle, and tubercle; body lustrous, pale brown to deep brown, obovoid to ellipsoid, lenticular, 1–1.5 × 1 mm, margins narrow, flowing to tubercle; surfaces longitudinally finely lined, transversely very finely ridged with wavy rows of very narrow, vertical lattices, sometimes also with lines of shallow pits; tubercle triangularsubulate, (0.7–)1–1.3(–1.5) mm, base lunate, margins setulose proximally. |
mostly 2 per spikelet, 1.5–1.6 mm; body redbrown with pale center, lenticular, broadly obovoid to orbicular, margins pale, narrow, flowing to tubercle; surfaces smoothish, or faintly cancellate; tubercle flattened, triangularsubulate, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
Rhynchospora fusca |
Rhynchospora brachychaeta |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | Fruiting late spring–fall. |
Habitat | Sands and peats of pond shores, bogs, and seeps | Moist sandy peaty substrates in savannas or savanna bog transition, ditches, and moist, disturbed areas |
Elevation | 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) | |
Distribution |
CT; DE; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; VT; WI; NB; NL; NS; ON; QC; SK; Europe
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AL; FL; MS; Central America; West Indies |
Discussion | Rhynchospora brachychaeta is quite possibly adventive; most of its localities in the flora are in disturbed areas near the coast. It is similar to the widespread native R. chapmanii, from which it is distinguished by its more numerous spikelet clusters, the darker spikelets, the achene faces brown with pale centers (rather than pale with brown ends), and the relatively more developed perianth. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 232. | FNA vol. 23, p. 235. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Schoenus fuscus, Phaeocephalum fuscum, R. alba var. fusca | Phaeocephalum brachychaetum, R. blauneri, R. chapmanii, R. pallida, R. pallida |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) W. T. Aiton: in W. Aiton and W. T. Aiton, Hortus Kew. 1: 127. (1810) | C. Wright: Anales Real Acad. Ci. Méd. Fís. Nat. Habana 8: 85. (1873) |
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