Rhynchospora fernaldii |
Rhynchospora decurrens |
|
---|---|---|
Fernald's beaksedge |
swampforest beaksedge |
|
Habit | Plants perennial, cespitose, 15–50 cm; rhizomes absent. | Plants perennial, cespitose, to 100 cm; rhizomes sometimes produced, short, not stoloniferous. |
Culms | erect or ascending, slender, leafy proximal to middle, somewhat stiff. |
lax, erect to ascending-excurved, ± terete, leafy, slender, soft. |
Leaves | overtopped by culm; blades ascending, ± filiform, proximally flat or slightly concave, to 1 mm wide, apex narrowing, trigonous, abruptly blunt. |
exceeded by inflorescence; blades erect or ascending, linear, proximally flat, 2–4 mm wide, apex trigonous, subulate, tapering. |
Inflorescences | spikelet clusters 1–2, if 2 then close together, dense, broadly turbinate to hemispheric or even globose; primary leafy bract setaceous, exceeding clusters. |
spikelet clusters 4–6, widely spaced, loose, broadly to narrowly turbinate, paniculate, branches capillary, ultimate branches with 1 or 2 spikelets; leafy bracts exceeding proximal clusters, setaceous. |
Spikelets | redbrown, ovoid, 2–2.5(–4) mm, apex acute; fertile scales broadly ovate, 1.5–1.9(–2) mm, apex acute to acuminate, midrib excurrent as awn to 0.5 mm. |
solitary or in 2s, brown, ovoid, 2.5–3.5 mm; fertile scales ovate, 1.5–2.2 mm, apex acute, apiculate. |
Flowers | bristles 6, some reaching to apex of fruit body. |
perianth bristles 6, reaching tubercle base or slightly beyond, antrorsely barbellate. |
Fruits | 2–3 per spikelet, 1–1.2(–1.4) mm; body dull dark brown with paler brown center, lenticular, broadly obovoid to broadly ellipsoid, 1 × 0.8 mm, margins narrow, flowing to tubercle; tubercle nearly equilaterally triangular, 0.2–0.3 mm. |
2–3 per spikelet, 1.5–1.6(–1.8) mm; body brown or greenish, obovoid, lenticular, 1.1–1.2(–1.3) × 0.7–1 mm, margins narrow, distinct, sharp, flowing to tubercle; surfaces finely transversely wavyrugulose, intervals of fine, nearly isodiametric or vertical-rectangular pitlike alveolae; tubercle lowtriangular, entire, 0.3–0.4 mm. |
Rhynchospora fernaldii |
Rhynchospora decurrens |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | Fruiting late spring–summer. |
Habitat | Sands and peats of low clearings in flatwoods, savannas, and bog edges | Sandy alluvium of swamp forests and environs |
Elevation | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; MS |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC |
Discussion | Rhynchospora decurrens superficially resembles R. mixta, with which it is often associated in swamp forests. Its narrower fruit bodies with less distinct transverse rugosity; the smaller, more numerous rows of finer, pitlike alveolae; and its broader, lower tubercles with non-setose edges all comprise consistent differences. The name decurrens is apt, calling attention to the narrow, wirelike pale margins that extend from tubercle base to near the base of the fruit body. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 235. | FNA vol. 23, p. 226. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | R. fascicularis var. fernaldii | Phaeocephalum decurrens |
Name authority | Gale: Rhodora 46: 182, plate 825, figs. 3A, B. (1944) | Chapman: Fl. South. U.S., 525. (1860) |
Web links |