Rhynchospora decurrens |
Rhynchospora pusilla |
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swampforest beaksedge |
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Habit | Plants perennial, cespitose, to 100 cm; rhizomes sometimes produced, short, not stoloniferous. | Plants perennial, densely cespitose, 15–50(–60) cm; rhizomes absent. |
Culms | lax, erect to ascending-excurved, ± terete, leafy, slender, soft. |
erect or arching, leafy toward base, filiform, terete, wiry. |
Leaves | exceeded by inflorescence; blades erect or ascending, linear, proximally flat, 2–4 mm wide, apex trigonous, subulate, tapering. |
overtopped by culm; blades linear to filiform, channeled, 0.3–0.5 mm wide, margins deeply involute, apex setaceous. |
Inflorescences | spikelet clusters 4–6, widely spaced, loose, broadly to narrowly turbinate, paniculate, branches capillary, ultimate branches with 1 or 2 spikelets; leafy bracts exceeding proximal clusters, setaceous. |
spikelet clusters 1–2(–3), dense to open, narrowly to broadly turbinate; branches capillary, variously elongate; leafy bracts setaceous, equaling or exceeding clusters. |
Spikelets | solitary or in 2s, brown, ovoid, 2.5–3.5 mm; fertile scales ovate, 1.5–2.2 mm, apex acute, apiculate. |
variously brown, ellipsoid, 2–3 mm, apex sharply acute; fertile scales ovate to nearly orbiculate, rounded, 1.2–1.8 mm, apiculate, convexcupulate, midrib slender, mostly included. |
Flowers | perianth bristles 6, reaching tubercle base or slightly beyond, antrorsely barbellate. |
perianth absent. |
Fruits | 2–3 per spikelet, 1.5–1.6(–1.8) mm; body brown or greenish, obovoid, lenticular, 1.1–1.2(–1.3) × 0.7–1 mm, margins narrow, distinct, sharp, flowing to tubercle; surfaces finely transversely wavyrugulose, intervals of fine, nearly isodiametric or vertical-rectangular pitlike alveolae; tubercle lowtriangular, entire, 0.3–0.4 mm. |
2–3 per spikelet, 0.7–0.9(–1) mm; body pale, obovoid-lenticular, (0.5–)0.6–0.9 × 0.4–0.5 mm, margin wirelike; surfaces transversely rugulose; tubercle buttonlike, depressed triangular, 0.05–0.1 mm, base lunate atop rounded fruit body. |
Rhynchospora decurrens |
Rhynchospora pusilla |
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Phenology | Fruiting late spring–summer. | Fruiting summer–fall. |
Habitat | Sandy alluvium of swamp forests and environs | Moist sands, peats and silts of low meadows, savannas, bogs, seeps, pond shores |
Elevation | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) | 0–300 m (0–1000 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TX; Mexico; Central America; West Indies |
Discussion | Rhynchospora decurrens superficially resembles R. mixta, with which it is often associated in swamp forests. Its narrower fruit bodies with less distinct transverse rugosity; the smaller, more numerous rows of finer, pitlike alveolae; and its broader, lower tubercles with non-setose edges all comprise consistent differences. The name decurrens is apt, calling attention to the narrow, wirelike pale margins that extend from tubercle base to near the base of the fruit body. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 226. | FNA vol. 23, p. 220. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Phaeocephalum decurrens | Phaeocephalum pusillum, R. intermixta |
Name authority | Chapman: Fl. South. U.S., 525. (1860) | Chapman ex M. A. Curtis: Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 7: 409. (1849) |
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