Rhynchospora caduca |
Rhynchospora megaplumosa |
|
---|---|---|
anglestem beaksedge |
manatee beaksedge |
|
Habit | Plants perennial, cespitose, 70–150 cm; rhizomes often present, short, scaly. | Plants perennial, cespitose, 20–90 cm, base pale brown to dark brown; rhizomes absent or compact, knotty, scaly. |
Culms | erect or ascending, leafy, trigonous. |
erect to arching-ascending, leafy, wand-like. |
Leaves | exceeded by culm; blades linear, proximally 4–7 mm wide, apex trigonous, tapering. |
mostly basal, few and increasingly distant upculm, shorter than scape; blades narrowly linear, concave proximally, (1–)2–3 mm wide, tapering and increasingly involute-sulcate proximally, margins scabrid, apex triquetrous, tip narrow but blunt. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary; clusters 3–6, mostly dense, narrowly to broadly turbinate, branches ascending; leafy bracts exceeeding proximalmost inflorescences. |
clusters 1(–2), if 2 then close together, dense, broadly turbinate to hemispheric; primary leafy bracts linear, stiff, exceeding clusters. |
Spikelets | rich brown, ovoid, (3–)4–5 mm, apex acuminate; fertile scales ovate, 2.5–3.5 mm, apex acuminate, midrib included or shortexcurrent. |
light brown, narrowly lanceoloid, 8–10 mm, apex acuminate; fertile scales lanceolate, convex, (6–)7–8 mm, apex narrowly acute, low midrib short-excurrent or not. |
Flowers | perianth bristles mostly 6, exceeding tubercle tip. |
perianth bristles 6, excurved, plumose from base to midbristle, 5–7.5 mm, antrorsely barbellate to tip. |
Fruits | mostly 3–4 per spikelet, 2–2.2 mm; body brown on short pedicellar (to 0.3 mm) stalk, broadly obovoid, lenticular, 1.3–1.5 × 1–1.5 mm, surfaces transversely rugulose, vertically finely striate and rectangularalveolate; tubercle compressed, triangular acuminate, 0.5–0.8 mm, edges setulose. |
1–2 per spikelet, 2.3–2.6 × 1.1–1.2 mm; body brown, short-stipitate, tumidly obovoid, subterete, 1.8–2 mm, margin low, broad; surfaces interruptedly transversely wavy-rugulose; tubercle broadly and concavely conic, 0.5–0.7 mm high, base shallowly 2-lobed, discoid, abruptly narrowed to blunt tip. |
Rhynchospora caduca |
Rhynchospora megaplumosa |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | Fruiting spring–fall or all year. |
Habitat | Low meadows, clearings, marshes, marsh borders, seeps, bog moats, savannas, ditches, pine flatwoods, swamps | Sands and sandy peats of pine flatwoods scrub and flatwoods-sandscrub transition |
Elevation | 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) | 0–50 m (0–200 ft) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA
|
FL |
Discussion | Rhynchospora caduca has its closest relationships with the even more robust R. odorata Grisebach, on the one hand, and the swampinhabiting, more slender, and rhizomatous R. mixta Britton ex Small, on the other. Intergrades with R. odorata appear in Alabama and northwest Florida; intergrades with R. mixta appear where ranges overlap in both the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Of conservation concern. Rhynchospora megaplumosa is local in central peninsular Florida. It often shares habitat with R. pineticola, and it is taxonomically nearest it in series Plumosae. Distinctive are the longer, paler, narrower spikelets, the longer fertile scales, and perianth bristles of R. megaplumosa. In fact, the perianth bristles of R. megaplumosa are the longest known in the series. While the bristles of all other Plumosae are erect, hugging the achene body, those of R. megaplumosa bend outward so strongly that they push away subtending scales; bristles are conspicuously exposed at maturity. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 223. | FNA vol. 23, p. 218. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Phaeocephalum caducum, R. patula | |
Name authority | Elliott: Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 1: 62. (1816) | E. L. Bridges & Orzell: Lundellia 3: 20, fig. 1. (2000) |
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