Rhynchospora caduca |
Rhynchospora brachychaeta |
|
---|---|---|
anglestem beaksedge |
West Indian beaksedge |
|
Habit | Plants perennial, cespitose, 70–150 cm; rhizomes often present, short, scaly. | Plants perennial, densely cespitose, 20–50 cm; rhizomes absent. |
Culms | erect or ascending, leafy, trigonous. |
erect to excurved, lax, filiform, leafy, ± terete. |
Leaves | exceeded by culm; blades linear, proximally 4–7 mm wide, apex trigonous, tapering. |
exceeded by culm, ascending; blades filiform, ± terete, margins strongly involute, apex trigonous, sulcate, tapering. |
Inflorescences | terminal and axillary; clusters 3–6, mostly dense, narrowly to broadly turbinate, branches ascending; leafy bracts exceeeding proximalmost inflorescences. |
spikelet clusters mostly 2–3, sparse to dense, oblong to broadly or narrowly turbinate; leafy bracts setaceous, exceeding clusters. |
Spikelets | rich brown, ovoid, (3–)4–5 mm, apex acuminate; fertile scales ovate, 2.5–3.5 mm, apex acuminate, midrib included or shortexcurrent. |
pale redbrown, lanceoloid, 3–3.5 mm, apex acute; fertile scales mostly elliptic, 2–2.5 mm, apex acute, sometimes apiculate. |
Flowers | perianth bristles mostly 6, exceeding tubercle tip. |
bristles mere nubs or 1–2, to 0.3 mm. |
Fruits | mostly 3–4 per spikelet, 2–2.2 mm; body brown on short pedicellar (to 0.3 mm) stalk, broadly obovoid, lenticular, 1.3–1.5 × 1–1.5 mm, surfaces transversely rugulose, vertically finely striate and rectangularalveolate; tubercle compressed, triangular acuminate, 0.5–0.8 mm, edges setulose. |
mostly 2 per spikelet, 1.5–1.6 mm; body redbrown with pale center, lenticular, broadly obovoid to orbicular, margins pale, narrow, flowing to tubercle; surfaces smoothish, or faintly cancellate; tubercle flattened, triangularsubulate, 0.3–0.5 mm. |
Rhynchospora caduca |
Rhynchospora brachychaeta |
|
Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | Fruiting late spring–fall. |
Habitat | Low meadows, clearings, marshes, marsh borders, seeps, bog moats, savannas, ditches, pine flatwoods, swamps | Moist sandy peaty substrates in savannas or savanna bog transition, ditches, and moist, disturbed areas |
Elevation | 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) | |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA
|
AL; FL; MS; Central America; West Indies |
Discussion | Rhynchospora caduca has its closest relationships with the even more robust R. odorata Grisebach, on the one hand, and the swampinhabiting, more slender, and rhizomatous R. mixta Britton ex Small, on the other. Intergrades with R. odorata appear in Alabama and northwest Florida; intergrades with R. mixta appear where ranges overlap in both the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rhynchospora brachychaeta is quite possibly adventive; most of its localities in the flora are in disturbed areas near the coast. It is similar to the widespread native R. chapmanii, from which it is distinguished by its more numerous spikelet clusters, the darker spikelets, the achene faces brown with pale centers (rather than pale with brown ends), and the relatively more developed perianth. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 223. | FNA vol. 23, p. 235. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Phaeocephalum caducum, R. patula | Phaeocephalum brachychaetum, R. blauneri, R. chapmanii, R. pallida, R. pallida |
Name authority | Elliott: Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 1: 62. (1816) | C. Wright: Anales Real Acad. Ci. Méd. Fís. Nat. Habana 8: 85. (1873) |
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