Rhynchospora alba |
Rhynchospora corniculata |
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rhynchospore blanc, white beak-rush, white beaksedge |
shortbristle horned beaksedge |
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Habit | Plants perennial, densely cespitose, 6–75 cm; rhizomes mostly absent. | Plants perennial, cespitose, 100–150(–200) cm, coarse; rhizomes absent. |
Culms | erect to curved, leafy, obscurely trigonous to nearly terete, few ribbed, slender. |
stiffly erect, leafy, triangular, multiribbed; principal leaves overtopped by culm; blades flat, 3–20 mm wide, apex attenuate, trigonous. |
Inflorescences | clusters 1 or 2–3, then widely spaced, narrowly turbinate to hemispheric, 1.5–2.5 cm wide; subtending leafy bracts often exceeded by distal cluster. |
terminal and axillary, diffuse clusters of corymbs, fascicles turbinate to hemispheric; bracts often overtopping clusters. |
Spikelets | pale brown to nearly white, ellipsoid, 3.5–5.5 mm, apex acute; fertile scales elliptic, 3–3.5(–4) mm, apex acute or acuminate, midrib excurrent as mucro. |
few to several per cluster, brown or reddish brown, lanceoloid, 10–15 mm, apex narrowly acute; fertile scales broadly lanceolate, (7.5–)10–13(–14) mm, apex acute, midrib shortexcurrent or not. |
Flowers | perianth bristles 10–12, slightly overtopping tubercle, retrorsely barbellate or rarely smooth, base often setose. |
perianth bristles 5–6, longest reaching to or slightly beyond fruit midbody, antrorsely barbellate. |
Fruits | 1(–2) per spikelet, (2.3–)2.5–3 mm; body pale brown with paler center, stipitateobovoid, lenticular, 1.5–1.8(–2) × 0.9–1.2 mm; surfaces transversely striate, relatively smooth, rim narrow, flowing to tubercle base; tubercle narrowly triangularsubulate, 0.5–1.2 mm. |
1(–2) per spikelet, 13–20(–25) mm; body oblongellipsoid, compressed, 4–5(–6) × 2–3 mm, base narrowed, short, margins thickened, often crimped, surfaces concave, striate, minutely cancellate or pebbled; tubercle subulate, 2-grooved, 10–15(–20) mm, scabridulous. |
Principal | leaves mostly overtopped by culm; blades narrowly linear to filiform, proximally flat, 0.5–1.5 mm, apex tapering, trigonous. |
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2n | = 18. |
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Rhynchospora alba |
Rhynchospora corniculata |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | Fruiting summer–fall. |
Habitat | Acid, sphagnous, boggy, open sites, poor fens, often on floating mats or peaty interstices of rocky shores | Swamps, marshes, and shallows, mostly in basic to circumneutral, silty or muddy open sites |
Elevation | 0–2000 m (0–6600 ft) | 0–400 m (0–1300 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; CA; CT; DE; GA; ID; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; Fla(?); West Indies (Puerto Rico); South America(?); Eurasia
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AL; AR; DE; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MD; MO; MS; NC; OK; SC; TN; TX; VA
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Discussion | The smooth-bristled Rhynchospora alba forma laeviseta Gale mostly occurs with the typical antrorsely barbellate type in Pennsylvania, the Great Lakes, British Columbia, Newfoundland, and Nova Scotia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Specimens of Rhyncospora corniculata with base of the tubercle fully as wide as the fruit and with fruit bodies at the lower length range were treated by M. L. Fernald as R. corniculata var. interior Fernald. The percent of fruit with crimped margins in Rhynchospora corniculata increases westward in the Gulf coastal plain; toward Mexico it is sympatric with R. indianolensis and R. gigantea, which also have crimped fruit. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 214. | FNA vol. 23, p. 209. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Schoenus albus, Dichromena alba, Phaeocephalum album, R. luguillensis, Triodon albus | Schoenus corniculatus, Ceratoschoenus corniculatus, Ceratoschoenus longirostris, R. corniculata var. interior, Schoenus longirostris |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Vahl: Enum. Pl. 2: 236. (1805) | (Lamarck) A. Gray: Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 205. (1835) |
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