Rhynchospora alba |
Rhynchospora capillacea |
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rhynchospore blanc, white beak-rush, white beaksedge |
brown beak-rush, horned beakrush, needle beaksedge, rhynchospore capillaire, slender beakrush |
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Habit | Plants perennial, densely cespitose, 6–75 cm; rhizomes mostly absent. | Plants perennial, cespitose, 10–40 cm, wiry; rhizomes stoloniferous, slender, to 1.5 mm thick. |
Culms | erect to curved, leafy, obscurely trigonous to nearly terete, few ribbed, slender. |
erect or curved, leafy, filiform, angularly fewribbed. |
Leaves | ascending-excurved, overtopped by culm; blades filiform, involute, apex setaceous. |
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Inflorescences | clusters 1 or 2–3, then widely spaced, narrowly turbinate to hemispheric, 1.5–2.5 cm wide; subtending leafy bracts often exceeded by distal cluster. |
spikelet clusters 1–2(–3), often sparse, ellipsoid or narrowly turbinate, less than 1 cm wide; subtending foliaceous bracts exceeding compounds. |
Spikelets | pale brown to nearly white, ellipsoid, 3.5–5.5 mm, apex acute; fertile scales elliptic, 3–3.5(–4) mm, apex acute or acuminate, midrib excurrent as mucro. |
erect or ascending, pale redbrown to brown, fusiform, 6–7 mm; fertile scales elliptic, 4 mm, apex rounded or acute, midrib shortexcurrent or not. |
Flowers | perianth bristles 10–12, slightly overtopping tubercle, retrorsely barbellate or rarely smooth, base often setose. |
perianth bristles 6, overtopping tubercle base, mostly retrorsely barbellate, sometimes smooth [forma laeviseta (E. |
Fruits | 1(–2) per spikelet, (2.3–)2.5–3 mm; body pale brown with paler center, stipitateobovoid, lenticular, 1.5–1.8(–2) × 0.9–1.2 mm; surfaces transversely striate, relatively smooth, rim narrow, flowing to tubercle base; tubercle narrowly triangularsubulate, 0.5–1.2 mm. |
1–4(–5) per spikelet, 2.5–3 mm; body pale brown, slender stipitate, ellipsoid, lenticular, 1.5–2 × 0.8–1 mm; surfaces longitudinally minutely striate, obscurely transversely lowrugose, dotted; tubercle narrowly triangularsubulate, flattened, 0.8–1.7 mm. |
Principal | leaves mostly overtopped by culm; blades narrowly linear to filiform, proximally flat, 0.5–1.5 mm, apex tapering, trigonous. |
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j | . |
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Hill | ) Fernald]. |
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Rhynchospora alba |
Rhynchospora capillacea |
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Phenology | Fruiting summer–fall. | Fruiting summer–fall. |
Habitat | Acid, sphagnous, boggy, open sites, poor fens, often on floating mats or peaty interstices of rocky shores | Moist to wet calcareous fens, seeps over limestones or calcareous rock, marsh meadows |
Elevation | 0–2000 m (0–6600 ft) | 0–1000 m (0–3300 ft) |
Distribution |
AK; CA; CT; DE; GA; ID; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; ON; PE; QC; SK; Fla(?); West Indies (Puerto Rico); South America(?); Eurasia
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AL; AR; CT; IA; IL; IN; MA; ME; MI; MN; MO; ND; NH; NJ; NY; OH; OK; PA; RI; SD; TN; TX; VA; VT; WI; AB; MB; NB; NL; ON; QC; SK
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Discussion | The smooth-bristled Rhynchospora alba forma laeviseta Gale mostly occurs with the typical antrorsely barbellate type in Pennsylvania, the Great Lakes, British Columbia, Newfoundland, and Nova Scotia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
The two beakrushes most commonly occurring in fens are Rhynchospora capillacea and R. capitellata. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 23, p. 214. | FNA vol. 23, p. 213. |
Parent taxa | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora | Cyperaceae > Rhynchospora |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Schoenus albus, Dichromena alba, Phaeocephalum album, R. luguillensis, Triodon albus | Phaeocephalum capillaceum, R. setacea, Triodon capillaceus |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) Vahl: Enum. Pl. 2: 236. (1805) | Torrey: Fl. N. Middle United States 1: 55. (1823) |
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