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twining snoutbean

Chihuahuan snoutbean

Habit Herbs or subshrubs. Herbs.
Stems

ascending or erect, tomentulose to hirtellous, hairs silvery to tawny.

erect, suberect, decumbent, procumbent, or twining, viscid, hirsute, hairs yellowish.

Leaves

usually trifoliolate, proximalmost sometimes unifoliolate;

stipules caducous or persistent, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 3–12 × 1.5–3.5 mm, apex acuminate;

petiole 5–35 mm, densely canescent-tomentose abaxially, villous adaxially;

leaflet blades oblong or ovate to rhombic-ovate, elliptic, or obovate, 20–50(–60) × 10–40(–50) mm, leathery, gland-dotted, base obtuse, subcordate, or broadly cuneate, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded, minutely apiculate, surfaces puberulent, strigulose, or villosulous.

trifoliolate;

stipules persistent, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 3–9 × 0.5–1.5 mm, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces hirsute;

petiole 15–55 mm, hirsute;

leaflet blades lanceolate to obovate-oblong or ovate-deltate, 15–70 × 10–60 mm, membranous or leathery, gland-dotted, often viscid, base obtuse to rounded or truncate, margins ciliate, slightly revolute, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces strongly reticulate and sparsely to densely hirsute abaxially, strigulose to strigose adaxially.

Inflorescences

racemes, shorter than leaves, axillary ones 1.5–4(–5) cm, terminal ones 6.5–23 cm.

racemes, equal to or longer than leaves, 2.5–20 cm.

Pedicels

1–3 mm.

1–3 mm.

Flowers

calyx 6–9 mm, hirtellous, tube 1.5–2.5 mm, lobes narrowly lanceolate to linear-subulate, laterals 4.5–7.5 mm, lengths 3+ times tube, adaxials 2–2.5 mm;

corolla yellow or bright yellow;

banner orbiculate, 6–9 × 5–7 mm, emarginate, glabrous;

wings oblong, 6–8 × 1.5–2.5 mm, glabrous;

keel 5–7.5 × 2–2.5 mm, glabrous;

stamens 5.5–7.5 mm.

calyx 4–7 mm, hirsute, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 2–2.5 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 1.5–3 mm;

corolla yellow, striped reddish brown or purple;

banner widely ovate to obovate, 7–10 × 4–5 mm, slightly apiculate, hirtellous and gland-dotted;

wings narrowly oblong, 6.5–9 × 1.5–2 mm, gland-dotted, puberulent apically;

keel 6.5–9 × 2–3 mm, glabrous;

stamens 6–9 mm.

Legumes

ovoid-oblong, compressed, 15–20 × 5–7 mm, hirtellous and puberulent, hairs intermixed.

oblong-ovoid, compressed, 16–26 × 6–8 mm, often viscid, long-hirsute to puberulent, hairs intermixed, glabrescent.

Seeds

brown, black, or mottled, subglobose, compressed, 3–4 × 3–4 mm.

greenish brown or mottled, widely ovoid to subglobose, compressed, 4–5 × 3–4 mm.

2n

= 22.

Rhynchosia tomentosa

Rhynchosia edulis

Phenology Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat Sandy or clay soils of woodland, thickets, ravines, pastures, stream banks, roadsides.
Elevation 800–1500 m. (2600–4900 ft.)
Distribution
from USDA
e United States; s United States
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; Central America; South America; Mexico (Chiapas, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Veracruz)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

In Arizona, Rhynchosia edulis is found only in Santa Cruz County.

Dolicholus melanostictus (Grisebach) Kuntze is an illegitimate name that pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Stipules persistent; inflorescences axillary.
var. tomentosa
1. Stipules caducous; inflorescences mostly terminal.
var. mollissima
Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia
Sibling taxa
R. americana, R. cinerea, R. cytisoides, R. difformis, R. edulis, R. latifolia, R. michauxii, R. minima, R. parvifolia, R. precatoria, R. reniformis, R. swartzii, R. texana
R. americana, R. cinerea, R. cytisoides, R. difformis, R. latifolia, R. michauxii, R. minima, R. parvifolia, R. precatoria, R. reniformis, R. swartzii, R. texana, R. tomentosa
Subordinate taxa
R. tomentosa var. mollissima, R. tomentosa var. tomentosa
Synonyms Glycine tomentosa Dolicholus apoloensis, D. ixodes, Eriosema edule, E. nigropunctatum, E. volubile, R. apoloensis, R. ixodes, R. melanosticta, R. nigropunctata, R. pinetorum, R. rariflora, R. rupicola
Name authority (Linnaeus) Hooker & Arnott: Compan. Bot. Mag. 1: 23. (1835) Grisebach: Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 123. (1874)
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