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Texas snoutbean

least snoutbean

Habit Herbs. Herbs or subshrubs.
Stems

usually prostrate or twining, rarely subascending, puberulent to strigulose or villosulous, hairs silvery.

usually prostrate or twining, rarely ascending, rarely viscid, glabrous, puberulent, or villosulous, hairs silvery or grayish, spreading or reflexed.

Leaves

trifoliolate;

stipules persistent, linear or linear-lanceolate, 1.5–3 × 0.5 mm, acute to acuminate;

petiole 5–35 mm, puberulous, strigulose, or villosulous;

leaflet blades lanceolate-ovate, 5–45 × 20–25 mm, leathery, gland-dotted, base obtuse or subcordate, margins revolute, apex acute or obtuse, surfaces puberulent, strigulose, or villosulous.

trifoliolate;

stipules persistent, linear to lanceolate, 1–6 × 1–2 mm, apex acuminate, surfaces puberulent to villosulous;

petiole 4–100 mm, glabrous, tomentulose, or villosulous;

leaflet blades rhombic-orbiculate, rhombic, subrhombic, or ovate, 30–90 × 5–70 mm, membranous or nearly leathery, gland-dotted, base obtuse to rounded, cuneate, or truncate, apex acuminate to obtuse, surfaces glabrous, puberulent, or sparsely to densely villosulous abaxially, glabrous or finely strigose, villosulous, or puberulent adaxially.

Inflorescences

1(2 or 3) simple flowers per axil, shorter than leaves, 0.6–1.5 cm.

racemes, longer than leaves, 2–20 cm.

Pedicels

1–6 mm.

1–5 mm.

Flowers

calyx 3–5 mm, villous or villosulous, tube 1.5–2.5 mm, lobes subulate, laterals 1–3.5 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 0.5–2 mm;

corolla yellow, veined brown;

banner widely ovate, 5–7 × 3.5–5 mm, apex emarginate, puberulent;

wings oblong to ovate, 5–6 × 1–2 mm, glabrous;

keel 5–6.5 × 2–2.5 mm, glabrous;

stamens 4–6 mm.

calyx 3–6 mm, puberulent or villosulous, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 1.5–4 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 0.5–1 mm;

corolla yellow, veined purple or brown;

banner orbiculate-ovate, 4–6 × 3–5 mm, emarginate, puberulent, gland-dotted;

wings narrowly oblong, 4.5–5 × 1–2 mm, narrowly gland-dotted, puberulent apically;

keel 5–6 × 2–3 mm, glabrous;

stamens 5–7 mm.

Legumes

oblong, compressed, 15–25 × 4–6 mm, puberulent-hirtellous, hairs intermixed.

falcate to oblong-ovoid, compressed, 9–20 × 3–5 mm, glabrous, puberulent, or villosulous.

Seeds

brown, black or mottled, subglobose, compressed, 3–4 × 3–4 mm.

grayish, brown, black, or mottled, ovoid-reniform, plump, 3–4 × 2–3 mm.

2n

= 22.

= 22.

Rhynchosia texana

Rhynchosia minima

Phenology Flowering spring–summer. Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat Dry limestone, sandy or igneous soils, grasslands, canyons, mountain slopes, roadsides, forest clearings. Disturbed areas, forests, edges, prairies, sand dunes.
Elevation 40–2700 m. (100–8900 ft.) 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM; TX; South America; Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; LA; MO; MS; TX; Central America; South America; West Indies; Bermuda
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Rhynchosia angustifolia Engelmann ex A. Gray is an illegitimate name that pertains here. Dolicholus texensis Vail and its var. angustifolius (A. Gray) Vail are illegitimate and superfluous names that also pertain here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Rhynchosia minima was recently collected in Alabama after an absence of over 100 years (A. R. Diamond 2015).

Glycine littoralis Vahl ex de Candolle is an illegitimate name that pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia
Sibling taxa
R. americana, R. cinerea, R. cytisoides, R. difformis, R. edulis, R. latifolia, R. michauxii, R. minima, R. parvifolia, R. precatoria, R. reniformis, R. swartzii, R. tomentosa
R. americana, R. cinerea, R. cytisoides, R. difformis, R. edulis, R. latifolia, R. michauxii, R. parvifolia, R. precatoria, R. reniformis, R. swartzii, R. texana, R. tomentosa
Synonyms R. senna var. angustifolia, R. senna var. cordobensis, R. senna var. texana, R. texana var. angustifolia, R. texana var. microphylla Dolichos minimus, Dolicholus minimus, Glycine lamarckii, G. reflexa, Phaseolus caribaeus, R. aureoguttata, R. exigua, R. mexicana, R. minima var. diminifolia, R. minima var. lutea, R. minima var. pauciflora, R. punctata
Name authority Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 687. (1840) (Linnaeus) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prod. 2: 385. (1825)
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