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dollarleaf

least snoutbean

Habit Herbs or subshrubs.
Stems

usually ascending or erect, rarely twining, glabrous or sparsely to densely hirtellous, hairs grayish.

usually prostrate or twining, rarely ascending, rarely viscid, glabrous, puberulent, or villosulous, hairs silvery or grayish, spreading or reflexed.

Leaves

usually unifoliolate, distalmost rarely trifoliolate;

stipules persistent, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 4–15 × 1–4.5 mm, apex acute to acuminate;

petiole 15–45 mm, hirtellous;

leaflet blades suborbiculate to reniform or ovate to oblong, 20–50 × 25–70 mm, leathery, gland-dotted, base truncate, broadly rounded to cuneate, or subcordate, apex obtuse, broadly rounded, emarginate to mucronate, surfaces reticulate and hirtellous abaxially, rugose and strigulose, glabrescent adaxially.

trifoliolate;

stipules persistent, linear to lanceolate, 1–6 × 1–2 mm, apex acuminate, surfaces puberulent to villosulous;

petiole 4–100 mm, glabrous, tomentulose, or villosulous;

leaflet blades rhombic-orbiculate, rhombic, subrhombic, or ovate, 30–90 × 5–70 mm, membranous or nearly leathery, gland-dotted, base obtuse to rounded, cuneate, or truncate, apex acuminate to obtuse, surfaces glabrous, puberulent, or sparsely to densely villosulous abaxially, glabrous or finely strigose, villosulous, or puberulent adaxially.

Inflorescences

crowded in densely packed heads, flowers numerous, shorter than leaves, 1–3.5 cm.

racemes, longer than leaves, 2–20 cm.

Pedicels

1–3 mm.

1–5 mm.

Flowers

calyx 7–10 mm, densely hirtellous, gland-dotted, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes linear-lanceolate, laterals 7–8 mm, adaxials 2 mm;

corolla yellow;

banner elliptic-ovate, 6.5–7 × 6–6.5 mm, emarginate, glabrous;

wings narrowly oblong, 6.5–7 × 1.5–2.5 mm, glabrous;

keel 6.7–7 × 2–2.5 mm, glabrous;

stamens 6–7 mm.

calyx 3–6 mm, puberulent or villosulous, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 1.5–4 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 0.5–1 mm;

corolla yellow, veined purple or brown;

banner orbiculate-ovate, 4–6 × 3–5 mm, emarginate, puberulent, gland-dotted;

wings narrowly oblong, 4.5–5 × 1–2 mm, narrowly gland-dotted, puberulent apically;

keel 5–6 × 2–3 mm, glabrous;

stamens 5–7 mm.

Legumes

oblong-ellipsoid, compressed, 13–18 × 5–7 mm, gland-dotted, hirtellous.

falcate to oblong-ovoid, compressed, 9–20 × 3–5 mm, glabrous, puberulent, or villosulous.

Seeds

brown, black, or mottled, subglobose, compressed, 3 × 3 mm.

grayish, brown, black, or mottled, ovoid-reniform, plump, 3–4 × 2–3 mm.

Vines

, herbaceous.

2n

= 22.

Rhynchosia reniformis

Rhynchosia minima

Phenology Flowering spring–summer. Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat Dry woodlands, sandhills, savannas, prairie openings, fields, roadsides. Disturbed areas, forests, edges, prairies, sand dunes.
Elevation 20–300 m. (100–1000 ft.) 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TN; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; LA; MO; MS; TX; Central America; South America; West Indies; Bermuda
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

In Texas, Rhynchosia reniformis is known from relatively few counties in the easternmost part of the state.

Glycine monophylla (Michaux) Nuttall, G. reniformis Pursh, Rhynchosia intermedia (Torrey & A. Gray) Small, and R. simplicifolia (Walter) Alph. Wood are illegitimate names that pertain here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Rhynchosia minima was recently collected in Alabama after an absence of over 100 years (A. R. Diamond 2015).

Glycine littoralis Vahl ex de Candolle is an illegitimate name that pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia
Sibling taxa
R. americana, R. cinerea, R. cytisoides, R. difformis, R. edulis, R. latifolia, R. michauxii, R. minima, R. parvifolia, R. precatoria, R. swartzii, R. texana, R. tomentosa
R. americana, R. cinerea, R. cytisoides, R. difformis, R. edulis, R. latifolia, R. michauxii, R. parvifolia, R. precatoria, R. reniformis, R. swartzii, R. texana, R. tomentosa
Synonyms Arcyphyllum simplicifolium, Dolicholus intermedius, D. simplicifolius, Glycine simplicifolia, G. tomentosa var. monophylla, Psoralea alnifolia, P. alopecurina, R. simplicifolia var. intermedia, R. tomentosa var. intermedia, R. tomentosa var. monophylla, Trifolium simplicifolium Dolichos minimus, Dolicholus minimus, Glycine lamarckii, G. reflexa, Phaseolus caribaeus, R. aureoguttata, R. exigua, R. mexicana, R. minima var. diminifolia, R. minima var. lutea, R. minima var. pauciflora, R. punctata
Name authority de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 384. (1825) (Linnaeus) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prod. 2: 385. (1825)
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