Rhynchosia minima |
Rhynchosia texana |
|
---|---|---|
least snoutbean |
Texas snoutbean |
|
Habit | Herbs or subshrubs. | Herbs. |
Stems | usually prostrate or twining, rarely ascending, rarely viscid, glabrous, puberulent, or villosulous, hairs silvery or grayish, spreading or reflexed. |
usually prostrate or twining, rarely subascending, puberulent to strigulose or villosulous, hairs silvery. |
Leaves | trifoliolate; stipules persistent, linear to lanceolate, 1–6 × 1–2 mm, apex acuminate, surfaces puberulent to villosulous; petiole 4–100 mm, glabrous, tomentulose, or villosulous; leaflet blades rhombic-orbiculate, rhombic, subrhombic, or ovate, 30–90 × 5–70 mm, membranous or nearly leathery, gland-dotted, base obtuse to rounded, cuneate, or truncate, apex acuminate to obtuse, surfaces glabrous, puberulent, or sparsely to densely villosulous abaxially, glabrous or finely strigose, villosulous, or puberulent adaxially. |
trifoliolate; stipules persistent, linear or linear-lanceolate, 1.5–3 × 0.5 mm, acute to acuminate; petiole 5–35 mm, puberulous, strigulose, or villosulous; leaflet blades lanceolate-ovate, 5–45 × 20–25 mm, leathery, gland-dotted, base obtuse or subcordate, margins revolute, apex acute or obtuse, surfaces puberulent, strigulose, or villosulous. |
Inflorescences | racemes, longer than leaves, 2–20 cm. |
1(2 or 3) simple flowers per axil, shorter than leaves, 0.6–1.5 cm. |
Pedicels | 1–5 mm. |
1–6 mm. |
Flowers | calyx 3–6 mm, puberulent or villosulous, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 1.5–4 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 0.5–1 mm; corolla yellow, veined purple or brown; banner orbiculate-ovate, 4–6 × 3–5 mm, emarginate, puberulent, gland-dotted; wings narrowly oblong, 4.5–5 × 1–2 mm, narrowly gland-dotted, puberulent apically; keel 5–6 × 2–3 mm, glabrous; stamens 5–7 mm. |
calyx 3–5 mm, villous or villosulous, tube 1.5–2.5 mm, lobes subulate, laterals 1–3.5 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 0.5–2 mm; corolla yellow, veined brown; banner widely ovate, 5–7 × 3.5–5 mm, apex emarginate, puberulent; wings oblong to ovate, 5–6 × 1–2 mm, glabrous; keel 5–6.5 × 2–2.5 mm, glabrous; stamens 4–6 mm. |
Legumes | falcate to oblong-ovoid, compressed, 9–20 × 3–5 mm, glabrous, puberulent, or villosulous. |
oblong, compressed, 15–25 × 4–6 mm, puberulent-hirtellous, hairs intermixed. |
Seeds | grayish, brown, black, or mottled, ovoid-reniform, plump, 3–4 × 2–3 mm. |
brown, black or mottled, subglobose, compressed, 3–4 × 3–4 mm. |
2n | = 22. |
= 22. |
Rhynchosia minima |
Rhynchosia texana |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | Flowering spring–summer. |
Habitat | Disturbed areas, forests, edges, prairies, sand dunes. | Dry limestone, sandy or igneous soils, grasslands, canyons, mountain slopes, roadsides, forest clearings. |
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | 40–2700 m. (100–8900 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; LA; MO; MS; TX; Central America; South America; West Indies; Bermuda
|
AZ; NM; TX; South America; Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Puebla, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz) |
Discussion | Rhynchosia minima was recently collected in Alabama after an absence of over 100 years (A. R. Diamond 2015). Glycine littoralis Vahl ex de Candolle is an illegitimate name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rhynchosia angustifolia Engelmann ex A. Gray is an illegitimate name that pertains here. Dolicholus texensis Vail and its var. angustifolius (A. Gray) Vail are illegitimate and superfluous names that also pertain here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Dolichos minimus, Dolicholus minimus, Glycine lamarckii, G. reflexa, Phaseolus caribaeus, R. aureoguttata, R. exigua, R. mexicana, R. minima var. diminifolia, R. minima var. lutea, R. minima var. pauciflora, R. punctata | R. senna var. angustifolia, R. senna var. cordobensis, R. senna var. texana, R. texana var. angustifolia, R. texana var. microphylla |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prod. 2: 385. (1825) | Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 687. (1840) |
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