Rhynchosia minima |
Rhynchosia reniformis |
|
---|---|---|
least snoutbean |
dollarleaf |
|
Habit | Herbs or subshrubs. | |
Stems | usually prostrate or twining, rarely ascending, rarely viscid, glabrous, puberulent, or villosulous, hairs silvery or grayish, spreading or reflexed. |
usually ascending or erect, rarely twining, glabrous or sparsely to densely hirtellous, hairs grayish. |
Leaves | trifoliolate; stipules persistent, linear to lanceolate, 1–6 × 1–2 mm, apex acuminate, surfaces puberulent to villosulous; petiole 4–100 mm, glabrous, tomentulose, or villosulous; leaflet blades rhombic-orbiculate, rhombic, subrhombic, or ovate, 30–90 × 5–70 mm, membranous or nearly leathery, gland-dotted, base obtuse to rounded, cuneate, or truncate, apex acuminate to obtuse, surfaces glabrous, puberulent, or sparsely to densely villosulous abaxially, glabrous or finely strigose, villosulous, or puberulent adaxially. |
usually unifoliolate, distalmost rarely trifoliolate; stipules persistent, lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 4–15 × 1–4.5 mm, apex acute to acuminate; petiole 15–45 mm, hirtellous; leaflet blades suborbiculate to reniform or ovate to oblong, 20–50 × 25–70 mm, leathery, gland-dotted, base truncate, broadly rounded to cuneate, or subcordate, apex obtuse, broadly rounded, emarginate to mucronate, surfaces reticulate and hirtellous abaxially, rugose and strigulose, glabrescent adaxially. |
Inflorescences | racemes, longer than leaves, 2–20 cm. |
crowded in densely packed heads, flowers numerous, shorter than leaves, 1–3.5 cm. |
Pedicels | 1–5 mm. |
1–3 mm. |
Flowers | calyx 3–6 mm, puberulent or villosulous, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 1.5–4 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 0.5–1 mm; corolla yellow, veined purple or brown; banner orbiculate-ovate, 4–6 × 3–5 mm, emarginate, puberulent, gland-dotted; wings narrowly oblong, 4.5–5 × 1–2 mm, narrowly gland-dotted, puberulent apically; keel 5–6 × 2–3 mm, glabrous; stamens 5–7 mm. |
calyx 7–10 mm, densely hirtellous, gland-dotted, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes linear-lanceolate, laterals 7–8 mm, adaxials 2 mm; corolla yellow; banner elliptic-ovate, 6.5–7 × 6–6.5 mm, emarginate, glabrous; wings narrowly oblong, 6.5–7 × 1.5–2.5 mm, glabrous; keel 6.7–7 × 2–2.5 mm, glabrous; stamens 6–7 mm. |
Legumes | falcate to oblong-ovoid, compressed, 9–20 × 3–5 mm, glabrous, puberulent, or villosulous. |
oblong-ellipsoid, compressed, 13–18 × 5–7 mm, gland-dotted, hirtellous. |
Seeds | grayish, brown, black, or mottled, ovoid-reniform, plump, 3–4 × 2–3 mm. |
brown, black, or mottled, subglobose, compressed, 3 × 3 mm. |
Vines | , herbaceous. |
|
2n | = 22. |
|
Rhynchosia minima |
Rhynchosia reniformis |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | Flowering spring–summer. |
Habitat | Disturbed areas, forests, edges, prairies, sand dunes. | Dry woodlands, sandhills, savannas, prairie openings, fields, roadsides. |
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | 20–300 m. (100–1000 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; LA; MO; MS; TX; Central America; South America; West Indies; Bermuda
|
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; NC; SC; TN; TX
|
Discussion | Rhynchosia minima was recently collected in Alabama after an absence of over 100 years (A. R. Diamond 2015). Glycine littoralis Vahl ex de Candolle is an illegitimate name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
In Texas, Rhynchosia reniformis is known from relatively few counties in the easternmost part of the state. Glycine monophylla (Michaux) Nuttall, G. reniformis Pursh, Rhynchosia intermedia (Torrey & A. Gray) Small, and R. simplicifolia (Walter) Alph. Wood are illegitimate names that pertain here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Dolichos minimus, Dolicholus minimus, Glycine lamarckii, G. reflexa, Phaseolus caribaeus, R. aureoguttata, R. exigua, R. mexicana, R. minima var. diminifolia, R. minima var. lutea, R. minima var. pauciflora, R. punctata | Arcyphyllum simplicifolium, Dolicholus intermedius, D. simplicifolius, Glycine simplicifolia, G. tomentosa var. monophylla, Psoralea alnifolia, P. alopecurina, R. simplicifolia var. intermedia, R. tomentosa var. intermedia, R. tomentosa var. monophylla, Trifolium simplicifolium |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prod. 2: 385. (1825) | de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 384. (1825) |
Web links |