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least snoutbean

praying snoutbean, rosary snoutbean

Habit Herbs or subshrubs. Subshrubs.
Stems

usually prostrate or twining, rarely ascending, rarely viscid, glabrous, puberulent, or villosulous, hairs silvery or grayish, spreading or reflexed.

sprawling or twining, gland-dotted, rarely viscid, villous or villosulous, hairs silvery or grayish and silvery intermixed.

Leaves

trifoliolate;

stipules persistent, linear to lanceolate, 1–6 × 1–2 mm, apex acuminate, surfaces puberulent to villosulous;

petiole 4–100 mm, glabrous, tomentulose, or villosulous;

leaflet blades rhombic-orbiculate, rhombic, subrhombic, or ovate, 30–90 × 5–70 mm, membranous or nearly leathery, gland-dotted, base obtuse to rounded, cuneate, or truncate, apex acuminate to obtuse, surfaces glabrous, puberulent, or sparsely to densely villosulous abaxially, glabrous or finely strigose, villosulous, or puberulent adaxially.

trifoliolate;

stipules early deciduous, ovate or lanceolate, 4–6 × 1.5–2 mm, apex acute or acuminate, surfaces villosulous;

petiole 1–7 mm, rarely viscid, villous or villosulous;

leaflet blades obovate to ovate-lanceolate or ovate-rhombic to rhombic, 20–130 × 15–100 mm, leathery, gland-dotted, base rounded to obtuse or cuneate, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces villous or villosulous abaxially, villous or villosulous adaxially, rarely glabrescent.

Inflorescences

racemes, longer than leaves, 2–20 cm.

racemes, longer than leaves, 5–30 cm.

Pedicels

1–5 mm.

1–2 mm.

Flowers

calyx 3–6 mm, puberulent or villosulous, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 1.5–4 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 0.5–1 mm;

corolla yellow, veined purple or brown;

banner orbiculate-ovate, 4–6 × 3–5 mm, emarginate, puberulent, gland-dotted;

wings narrowly oblong, 4.5–5 × 1–2 mm, narrowly gland-dotted, puberulent apically;

keel 5–6 × 2–3 mm, glabrous;

stamens 5–7 mm.

calyx 4–5 mm, villosulous, often viscid, tube 2–2.5 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 2–3 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 1–1.5 mm;

corolla green-yellow, streaked purple or brown;

banner orbiculate, 8–9 × 6–7 mm, emarginate, villosulous, gland-dotted;

wings oblong, 6–7 × 2–2.5 mm, often gland-dotted, puberulent apically;

keel 6–8 × 3–3.5 mm, puberulent apically;

stamens 8–9 mm.

Legumes

falcate to oblong-ovoid, compressed, 9–20 × 3–5 mm, glabrous, puberulent, or villosulous.

brown or greenish, widely ovoid-oblong, subinflated, constricted, 20–30 × 7–12 mm, gland-dotted, rarely viscid, densely villosulous to puberulent.

Seeds

grayish, brown, black, or mottled, ovoid-reniform, plump, 3–4 × 2–3 mm.

red and black, subglobose to ovoid, plump, 5–8 × 4–6 mm.

2n

= 22.

Rhynchosia minima

Rhynchosia precatoria

Phenology Flowering spring–summer. Flowering spring–summer.
Habitat Disturbed areas, forests, edges, prairies, sand dunes. Sandy soils or limestone, open areas, thickets, forests.
Elevation 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) (0–20) or 600–1200 m. ((0–100) or 2000–3900 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; LA; MO; MS; TX; Central America; South America; West Indies; Bermuda
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; FL; Central America; South America; Mexico (Baja California Sur, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, México, Michoacán, Nayarit, Oaxaca, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Veracruz)
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Rhynchosia minima was recently collected in Alabama after an absence of over 100 years (A. R. Diamond 2015).

Glycine littoralis Vahl ex de Candolle is an illegitimate name that pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Rhynchosia precatoria is native in Santa Cruz County, Arizona; it is considered introduced in Florida, where it is found in Miami-Dade County.

Glycine precatoria Humboldt & Bonpland ex Willdenow is a superfluous and illegitimate name that pertains here.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 11. FNA vol. 11.
Parent taxa Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia
Sibling taxa
R. americana, R. cinerea, R. cytisoides, R. difformis, R. edulis, R. latifolia, R. michauxii, R. parvifolia, R. precatoria, R. reniformis, R. swartzii, R. texana, R. tomentosa
R. americana, R. cinerea, R. cytisoides, R. difformis, R. edulis, R. latifolia, R. michauxii, R. minima, R. parvifolia, R. reniformis, R. swartzii, R. texana, R. tomentosa
Synonyms Dolichos minimus, Dolicholus minimus, Glycine lamarckii, G. reflexa, Phaseolus caribaeus, R. aureoguttata, R. exigua, R. mexicana, R. minima var. diminifolia, R. minima var. lutea, R. minima var. pauciflora, R. punctata Dolicholus vailiae, Indigofera volubilis, R. bicolor
Name authority (Linnaeus) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prod. 2: 385. (1825) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 385. (1825)
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