Rhynchosia minima |
Rhynchosia latifolia |
|
---|---|---|
least snoutbean |
broadleaf snoutbean, prairie snoutbean |
|
Habit | Herbs or subshrubs. | Herbs. |
Stems | usually prostrate or twining, rarely ascending, rarely viscid, glabrous, puberulent, or villosulous, hairs silvery or grayish, spreading or reflexed. |
usually trailing or twining, rarely suberect, hirsute, hairs tawny. |
Leaves | trifoliolate; stipules persistent, linear to lanceolate, 1–6 × 1–2 mm, apex acuminate, surfaces puberulent to villosulous; petiole 4–100 mm, glabrous, tomentulose, or villosulous; leaflet blades rhombic-orbiculate, rhombic, subrhombic, or ovate, 30–90 × 5–70 mm, membranous or nearly leathery, gland-dotted, base obtuse to rounded, cuneate, or truncate, apex acuminate to obtuse, surfaces glabrous, puberulent, or sparsely to densely villosulous abaxially, glabrous or finely strigose, villosulous, or puberulent adaxially. |
usually trifoliolate, proximalmost sometimes unifoliolate; stipules deciduous, subulate-lanceolate, 2.5–7.5 × 2–2.5 mm, apex acuminate; petiole 20–60 mm, hirsute; leaflet blades oval to ovate-rhombic or orbiculate, 30–80 × 10–60 mm, leathery, gland-dotted abaxially, base obtuse or subcordate, apex obtuse, acute, or abruptly acuminate, often mucronate, surfaces villous abaxially, strigose adaxially. |
Inflorescences | racemes, longer than leaves, 2–20 cm. |
racemes, longer than leaves, 5–20 cm. |
Pedicels | 1–5 mm. |
1–3 mm. |
Flowers | calyx 3–6 mm, puberulent or villosulous, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 1.5–4 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 0.5–1 mm; corolla yellow, veined purple or brown; banner orbiculate-ovate, 4–6 × 3–5 mm, emarginate, puberulent, gland-dotted; wings narrowly oblong, 4.5–5 × 1–2 mm, narrowly gland-dotted, puberulent apically; keel 5–6 × 2–3 mm, glabrous; stamens 5–7 mm. |
calyx 8–15 mm, hirsute, tube 2–3 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 7–10 mm, lengths 3+ times tube, adaxials 4 mm; corolla yellow; banner obovate, 9.5–14 × 6–7 mm, emarginate, hirtellous, gland-dotted; wings oblong, 8.5–13 × 2–2.5 mm, glabrous; keel 8.5–13 × 3–4 mm, glabrous; stamens 8–12 mm. |
Legumes | falcate to oblong-ovoid, compressed, 9–20 × 3–5 mm, glabrous, puberulent, or villosulous. |
ovoid-oblong, compressed, 15–20 × 7–9 mm, villous and puberulent, hairs intermixed. |
Seeds | grayish, brown, black, or mottled, ovoid-reniform, plump, 3–4 × 2–3 mm. |
brown-gray or mottled, subglobose, compressed, 3–4 × 3–4 mm. |
2n | = 22. |
= 22. |
Rhynchosia minima |
Rhynchosia latifolia |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | Flowering spring–summer. |
Habitat | Disturbed areas, forests, edges, prairies, sand dunes. | Sandy soils, pine and oak woodlands, sandy prairies, limestone glades, along streams, thickets. |
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | 0–400 m. (0–1300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; LA; MO; MS; TX; Central America; South America; West Indies; Bermuda
|
AR; LA; MO; MS; OK; TX
|
Discussion | Rhynchosia minima was recently collected in Alabama after an absence of over 100 years (A. R. Diamond 2015). Glycine littoralis Vahl ex de Candolle is an illegitimate name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Dolicholus latifolius (Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray) Vail and Phaseolus latifolius (Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray) Eaton & Wright are illegitimate names that pertain here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Dolichos minimus, Dolicholus minimus, Glycine lamarckii, G. reflexa, Phaseolus caribaeus, R. aureoguttata, R. exigua, R. mexicana, R. minima var. diminifolia, R. minima var. lutea, R. minima var. pauciflora, R. punctata | Dolicholus torreyi, R. torreyi |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prod. 2: 385. (1825) | Nuttall ex Torrey & A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 285. (1838) |
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