Rhynchosia minima |
Rhynchosia cytisoides |
|
---|---|---|
least snoutbean |
royal snoutbean |
|
Habit | Herbs or subshrubs. | Herbs or subshrubs. |
Stems | usually prostrate or twining, rarely ascending, rarely viscid, glabrous, puberulent, or villosulous, hairs silvery or grayish, spreading or reflexed. |
erect and wiry, villosulous to puberulent, hairs silvery. |
Leaves | trifoliolate; stipules persistent, linear to lanceolate, 1–6 × 1–2 mm, apex acuminate, surfaces puberulent to villosulous; petiole 4–100 mm, glabrous, tomentulose, or villosulous; leaflet blades rhombic-orbiculate, rhombic, subrhombic, or ovate, 30–90 × 5–70 mm, membranous or nearly leathery, gland-dotted, base obtuse to rounded, cuneate, or truncate, apex acuminate to obtuse, surfaces glabrous, puberulent, or sparsely to densely villosulous abaxially, glabrous or finely strigose, villosulous, or puberulent adaxially. |
trifoliolate; stipules persistent, linear, 1 × 0.5 mm, apex acuminate; petiole 1–3 mm, puberulent; leaflet blades elliptic, 5–20 × 4–10 mm, leathery, gland-dotted abaxially, base cuneate, margins revolute, apex acute to obtuse, frequently apiculate, surfaces puberulent abaxially, finely strigose adaxially. |
Inflorescences | racemes, longer than leaves, 2–20 cm. |
1(2 or 3) simple flowers per axil, longer than leaves, 0.7–1.5 cm. |
Pedicels | 1–5 mm. |
3–5 mm. |
Flowers | calyx 3–6 mm, puberulent or villosulous, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 1.5–4 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 0.5–1 mm; corolla yellow, veined purple or brown; banner orbiculate-ovate, 4–6 × 3–5 mm, emarginate, puberulent, gland-dotted; wings narrowly oblong, 4.5–5 × 1–2 mm, narrowly gland-dotted, puberulent apically; keel 5–6 × 2–3 mm, glabrous; stamens 5–7 mm. |
calyx 5–8 mm, hirtellous, tube 1.5–3 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 4.5–5 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 1–1.5 mm; corolla yellow, veined purple; banner obovate to orbiculate, 8–10 × 7–10 mm, emarginate, glabrous; wings narrowly oblong, 8.5–10 × 2–2.5 mm, glabrous; keel 9–10 × 4–5 mm, glabrous; stamens 10–12 mm. |
Legumes | falcate to oblong-ovoid, compressed, 9–20 × 3–5 mm, glabrous, puberulent, or villosulous. |
oblong or oblong-lanceoloid, compressed, 10–20 × 5–9 mm, puberulent. |
Seeds | grayish, brown, black, or mottled, ovoid-reniform, plump, 3–4 × 2–3 mm. |
brown, black, or mottled, subglobose, compressed, 2–3 × 2–3 mm; hilum ovate, 0.5–1 mm. |
2n | = 22. |
|
Rhynchosia minima |
Rhynchosia cytisoides |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | Flowering spring–summer. |
Habitat | Disturbed areas, forests, edges, prairies, sand dunes. | Sandy soils of pinehills, fields, oak woodlands, roadsides, sand dunes. |
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | 0–50 m. (0–200 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; AR; FL; LA; MO; MS; TX; Central America; South America; West Indies; Bermuda
|
AL; FL; MS
|
Discussion | Rhynchosia minima was recently collected in Alabama after an absence of over 100 years (A. R. Diamond 2015). Glycine littoralis Vahl ex de Candolle is an illegitimate name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rhynchosia galactoides (Nuttall) Endlicher ex Walpers is an illegitimate name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Dolichos minimus, Dolicholus minimus, Glycine lamarckii, G. reflexa, Phaseolus caribaeus, R. aureoguttata, R. exigua, R. mexicana, R. minima var. diminifolia, R. minima var. lutea, R. minima var. pauciflora, R. punctata | Lespedeza cytisoides, Pitcheria galactoides, R. pitcheria |
Name authority | (Linnaeus) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prod. 2: 385. (1825) | (Bertoloni) Wilbur: Rhodora 64: 60. (1962) |
Web links |