Rhynchosia edulis |
Rhynchosia difformis |
|
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Chihuahuan snoutbean |
double-form snoutbean |
|
Habit | Herbs. | Herbs. |
Stems | erect, suberect, decumbent, procumbent, or twining, viscid, hirsute, hairs yellowish. |
usually prostrate or twining, rarely erect, strigose or hirsute, hairs tawny or silvery. |
Leaves | trifoliolate; stipules persistent, linear to narrowly lanceolate, 3–9 × 0.5–1.5 mm, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces hirsute; petiole 15–55 mm, hirsute; leaflet blades lanceolate to obovate-oblong or ovate-deltate, 15–70 × 10–60 mm, membranous or leathery, gland-dotted, often viscid, base obtuse to rounded or truncate, margins ciliate, slightly revolute, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces strongly reticulate and sparsely to densely hirsute abaxially, strigulose to strigose adaxially. |
usually trifoliolate, proximalmost sometimes unifoliolate; stipules persistent, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 3–10 × 1.5–3 mm, apex acute or long-acuminate; petiole 10–65 mm, hirsute; leaflet blades ovate to ovate-rhombic and orbiculate, or obovate to obovate-elliptic and elliptic, 20–60 × 10–70 mm, leathery, gland-dotted, base obtuse to rounded or subcordate, apex usually acute, obtuse, or rounded, rarely retuse, surfaces hirtellous or strigulose to loosely strigose abaxially, glabrous or strigose adaxially. |
Inflorescences | racemes, equal to or longer than leaves, 2.5–20 cm. |
racemes, shorter than leaves, 1–4 cm. |
Pedicels | 1–3 mm. |
2–5 mm. |
Flowers | calyx 4–7 mm, hirsute, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes lanceolate, laterals 2–2.5 mm, lengths to 2.5 times tube, adaxials 1.5–3 mm; corolla yellow, striped reddish brown or purple; banner widely ovate to obovate, 7–10 × 4–5 mm, slightly apiculate, hirtellous and gland-dotted; wings narrowly oblong, 6.5–9 × 1.5–2 mm, gland-dotted, puberulent apically; keel 6.5–9 × 2–3 mm, glabrous; stamens 6–9 mm. |
calyx 9–12 mm, hirsute or hirtellous, tube 1–2 mm, lobes widely lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, laterals 6–10 mm, adaxials 3–5 mm; corolla deep yellow or orange-yellow; banner broadly-obovate, 8–10.5 × 5–6 mm, emarginate, glabrous or puberulent, with a pair of internal callosities; wings oblong, 7–8 × 2–3 mm, glabrous; keel 7–8 × 2–3 mm, glabrous; stamens 7–9 mm. |
Legumes | oblong-ovoid, compressed, 16–26 × 6–8 mm, often viscid, long-hirsute to puberulent, hairs intermixed, glabrescent. |
ovoid-oblong, compressed, 14–20 × 6–9 mm, gland-dotted, puberulent and hirsute, hairs intermixed. |
Seeds | greenish brown or mottled, widely ovoid to subglobose, compressed, 4–5 × 3–4 mm. |
brown, black, or mottled, subglobose, compressed, 3–4 × 3–4 mm. |
2n | = 22. |
|
Rhynchosia edulis |
Rhynchosia difformis |
|
Phenology | Flowering spring–summer. | Flowering spring–summer. |
Habitat | Sandy or clay soils of woodland, thickets, ravines, pastures, stream banks, roadsides. | Sandy soils, pinelands, fallow fields, clearings. |
Elevation | 800–1500 m. (2600–4900 ft.) | 0–200 m. (0–700 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; Central America; South America; Mexico (Chiapas, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Veracruz) |
AL; GA; LA; MO; MS; NC; SC; TN; TX; VA
|
Discussion | In Arizona, Rhynchosia edulis is found only in Santa Cruz County. Dolicholus melanostictus (Grisebach) Kuntze is an illegitimate name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Rhynchosia difformis is common in the coastal plain but rare in the mountains of eastern Tennessee in Cocke County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Rhynchosia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Dolicholus apoloensis, D. ixodes, Eriosema edule, E. nigropunctatum, E. volubile, R. apoloensis, R. ixodes, R. melanosticta, R. nigropunctata, R. pinetorum, R. rariflora, R. rupicola | Arcyphyllum difforme, Dolicholus tomentosus var. undulatus, R. lewtonii, R. tomentosa var. volubilis |
Name authority | Grisebach: Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 19: 123. (1874) | (Elliott) de Candolle in A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. P. de Candolle: Prodr. 2: 384. (1825) |
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